RGD Reference Report - X-linked hyper-immunoglobulin M syndrome: molecular genetic study and long-time follow-up of three generations of a Chinese family. - Rat Genome Database

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X-linked hyper-immunoglobulin M syndrome: molecular genetic study and long-time follow-up of three generations of a Chinese family.

Authors: Lin, SC  Shyur, SD  Lee, WI  Ma, YC  Huang, LH 
Citation: Lin SC, etal., Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2006;140(1):1-8. Epub 2006 Feb 23.
RGD ID: 8547779
Pubmed: PMID:16508335   (View Abstract at PubMed)
DOI: DOI:10.1159/000091744   (Journal Full-text)

BACKGROUND: X-linked hyper-immunoglobulin M (IgM) syndrome (XHIGM) is a rare immunodeficiency disease caused by mutations of the CD40 ligand gene. Patients are subject to recurrent infections and have normal or elevated levels of IgM but markedly decreased serum IgG. OBJECTIVE: We describe molecular genetic studies and clinical manifestations in three generations of one family, as well as results of long-term treatment of 2 young men with the disorder. METHODS: Of 37 living family members, mutational analysis of the CD40 ligand gene was performed in 36 members. Laboratory data for patients and carriers were reviewed. RESULTS: Four male family members had died of unexplained causes. The 3 patients with XHIGM syndrome and the 5 carriers all had a novel mutation located at Tyr 169 Asn (T526A) in exon 5, the tumor necrosis factor domain of the CD40 ligand gene. In the 3 patients, CD40 ligand expression in activated CD4+ T cells was below 1%. In the carriers, about half of activated CD4+ cells expressed CD40 ligand. One carrier had malignant lymphoma. Long-term (>20 years) intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in 2 patients improved IgG levels but did not fully suppress the high levels of IgM, nor did it prevent late complications (bronchiectasis and sclerosing cholangitis). CONCLUSIONS: Diagnosis of a genetic immunodeficiency, especially an X-linked disease such as XHIGM syndrome, should prompt a survey of the entire family.



RGD Manual Disease Annotations    Click to see Annotation Detail View

  
Object SymbolSpeciesTermQualifierEvidenceWithNotesSourceOriginal Reference(s)
CD40LGHumanCD40 ligand deficiency  IAGP DNA:missense mutation:exon:p.T169N (526T>A) (human)RGD 
Cd40lgRatCD40 ligand deficiency  ISOCD40LG (Homo sapiens)DNA:missense mutation:exon:p.T169N (526T>A) (human)RGD 
Cd40lgMouseCD40 ligand deficiency  ISOCD40LG (Homo sapiens)DNA:missense mutation:exon:p.T169N (526T>A) (human)RGD 

Objects Annotated

Genes (Rattus norvegicus)
Cd40lg  (CD40 ligand)

Genes (Mus musculus)
Cd40lg  (CD40 ligand)

Genes (Homo sapiens)
CD40LG  (CD40 ligand)


Additional Information