Genes in Region
2632 Fshr follicle stimulating hormone receptor 6 5198825 5406785 Rat 7695048 LOC102549991 uncharacterized LOC102549991 6 5485826 5487213 Rat 3007 Lhcgr luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor 6 5661871 5728109 Rat 1308625 Gtf2a1l general transcription factor 2A subunit 1 like 6 5752814 5834797 Rat 7534510 Pkm-ps2 pyruvate kinase M1/2, pseudogene 2 6 5778444 5780055 Rat 41108217 LOC120103455 uncharacterized LOC120103455 6 5808606 5869766 Rat 727878 Ston1 stonin 1 6 5843186 5892557 Rat 41304927 Ube2s-ps2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2S, pseudogene 2 6 5882988 5884287 Rat 1565310 Ppp1r21 protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 21 6 5901518 5970684 Rat 7584786 LOC102546644 uncharacterized LOC102546644 6 6001536 6012391 Rat 1562291 Foxn2 forkhead box N2 6 6018653 6065216 Rat 11412449 LOC108351324 nuclear cap-binding protein subunit 2 pseudogene 6 6143027 6146570 Rat 41259853 LOC120103456 uncharacterized LOC120103456 6 6183065 6195327 Rat 1562306 H2az1-ps2 H2A.Z variant histone 1, pseudogene 2 6 6362973 6363359 Rat 41009777 LOC120103457 uncharacterized LOC120103457 6 6387072 6392670 Rat 41130543 LOC120103458 uncharacterized LOC120103458 6 6393692 6397003 Rat 727935 Fbxo11 F-box protein 11 6 6486761 6562664 Rat 41013989 Ndufb1-ps3 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B1, pseudogene 3 6 6499691 6500020 Rat 2322311 Msh6 mutS homolog 6 6 6562631 6579995 Rat 68940 Kcnk12 potassium two pore domain channel subfamily K member 12 6 6740147 6790664 Rat 41092315 LOC120103460 uncharacterized LOC120103460 6 6787727 6788596 Rat 620786 Msh2 mutS homolog 2 6 6813793 6872960 Rat 621365 Epcam epithelial cell adhesion molecule 6 6880142 6896103 Rat 41376381 LOC120103461 uncharacterized LOC120103461 6 6931579 6939747 Rat 40945724 Rps15a-ps4 ribosomal protein S15a, pseudogene 4 6 6980034 6980728 Rat 41096318 LOC120103462 uncharacterized LOC120103462 6 6989207 7002165 Rat 9388783 LOC103692554 uncharacterized LOC103692554 6 7005722 7020485 Rat 40978669 LOC120103464 uncharacterized LOC120103464 6 7006621 7015159 Rat 41362460 LOC120103463 uncharacterized LOC120103463 6 7019539 7034241 Rat 11443157 LOC108351172 uncharacterized LOC108351172 6 7072936 7078802 Rat 41126532 LOC120093413 small nucleolar RNA SNORD113/SNORD114 family 6 7082416 7082482 Rat 41002896 LOC120093446 small nucleolar RNA SNORA17 6 7084312 7084445 Rat 2258 Calm2 calmodulin 2 6 7091624 7104284 Rat 1591638 Stpg4 sperm-tail PG-rich repeat containing 4 6 7108827 7158519 Rat 1306211 Ttc7a tetratricopeptide repeat domain 7A 6 7159285 7261826 Rat 41236432 LOC120103466 uncharacterized LOC120103466 6 7179231 7182661 Rat 4888601 Mir3558 microRNA 3558 6 7181751 7181864 Rat 41053189 LOC120103465 uncharacterized LOC120103465 6 7214592 7222511 Rat 628690 Mcfd2 multiple coagulation factor deficiency 2 6 7274469 7285841 Rat 41205604 LOC120103467 uncharacterized LOC120103467 6 7414082 7418998 Rat 1564914 Socs5 suppressor of cytokine signaling 5 6 7481039 7512644 Rat 2325125 LOC100359600 karyopherin alpha 2-like 6 7539165 7541177 Rat 621545 Cript CXXC repeat containing interactor of PDZ3 domain 6 7581428 7589384 Rat 1584658 Pigf phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis, class F 6 7589528 7617721 Rat 621626 Rhoq ras homolog family member Q 6 7613632 7652047 Rat 1311680 Atp6v1e2 ATPase H+ transporting V1 subunit E2 6 7667359 7673711 Rat 1588160 Tmem247 transmembrane protein 247 6 7696517 7701464 Rat 2324313 LOC100362645 Egam-1N-like 6 7751944 7755356 Rat 68404 Epas1 endothelial PAS domain protein 1 6 7790236 7871246 Rat 41305804 Eif3h-ps1 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3, subunit H, pseudogene 1 6 7939360 7940434 Rat 61925 Prkce protein kinase C, epsilon 6 7965048 8451966 Rat 1562146 RGD1562146 RGD1562146 6 8176763 8181995 Rat 7702239 Pgam1-ps7 phosphoglycerate mutase 1, pseudogene 7 6 8315679 8319172 Rat 41299849 LOC120093191 uncharacterized LOC120093191 6 8385472 8398688 Rat 41212443 LOC120093190 uncharacterized LOC120093190 6 8452322 8461174 Rat 40962187 LOC120103469 uncharacterized LOC120103469 6 8461344 8463197 Rat 7502774 LOC102551445 uncharacterized LOC102551445 6 8465175 8473251 Rat 1562788 Srbd1 S1 RNA binding domain 1 6 8473591 8664544 Rat 7522754 LOC102551210 uncharacterized LOC102551210 6 8706014 8734589 Rat 41091305 LOC120103470 uncharacterized LOC120103470 6 8831027 8850178 Rat 7534844 LOC102551142 uncharacterized LOC102551142 6 8973398 8974582 Rat 1310792 Six2 SIX homeobox 2 6 8974859 8981345 Rat 620909 Six3 SIX homeobox 3 6 9040123 9043336 Rat 11423888 LOC108351167 uncharacterized LOC108351167 6 9045610 9061487 Rat 41070373 LOC120103471 uncharacterized LOC120103471 6 9083869 9109478 Rat 1583783 Slc25a3-ps2 solute carrier family 25 member 3, pseudogene 2 6 9153516 9155654 Rat 1310453 Camkmt calmodulin-lysine N-methyltransferase 6 9198945 9580200 Rat 41018048 LOC120093505 U6 spliceosomal RNA 6 9344990 9345096 Rat 41254971 LOC120093192 uncharacterized LOC120093192 6 9378295 9397884 Rat 41148650 LOC120093312 U6 spliceosomal RNA 6 9574782 9574888 Rat 1310143 Prepl prolyl endopeptidase-like 6 9580367 9609957 Rat 9172621 LOC103692550 uncharacterized LOC103692550 6 9584158 9590523 Rat 3709 Slc3a1 solute carrier family 3 member 1 6 9608169 9641881 Rat 3374 Ppm1b protein phosphatase, Mg2+/Mn2+ dependent, 1B 6 9646695 9707471 Rat 6496793 LOC100910809 uncharacterized LOC100910809 6 9771747 9789422 Rat 1306575 Lrpprc leucine-rich pentatricopeptide repeat containing 6 9859867 9942294 Rat 11496786 Rpl26-ps12 ribosomal protein L26, pseudogene 12 6 9920434 9921084 Rat 620300 Abcg8 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 8 6 9945629 9964912 Rat 620298 Abcg5 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 5 6 9965118 9990563 Rat 1310286 Dync2li1 dynein cytoplasmic 2 light intermediate chain 1 6 9992537 10025403 Rat 41028128 LOC120093294 U6 spliceosomal RNA 6 10027068 10027172 Rat 1304935 Plekhh2 pleckstrin homology, MyTH4 and FERM domain containing H2 6 10032837 10132081 Rat 1560519 Thada THADA, armadillo repeat containing 6 10183942 10488007 Rat 7527307 LOC102547863 uncharacterized LOC102547863 6 10452272 10478048 Rat 1308913 Zfp36l2 zinc finger protein 36, C3H type-like 2 6 10490032 10494073 Rat 11488608 LOC108351166 uncharacterized LOC108351166 6 10526678 10530961 Rat 7609114 Sypl1-ps2 synaptophysin-like 1, pseudogene 2 6 10545497 10548918 Rat 41317467 LOC120093193 uncharacterized LOC120093193 6 10610746 10635328 Rat 41221660 LOC120093194 uncharacterized LOC120093194 6 10619964 10624725 Rat 7612440 LOC102548368 uncharacterized LOC102548368 6 10750026 10768661 Rat 7556929 LOC102548459 wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family member 1-like 6 10829280 10831419 Rat 11501632 Trnai-uau2 transfer RNA isoleucine (anticodon UAU) 2 6 10830354 10830446 Rat 41013930 LOC120093196 uncharacterized LOC120093196 6 10840413 10846118 Rat 71071 Haao 3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase 6 10845235 10864863 Rat 1306803 Mta3 metastasis associated 1 family, member 3 6 10867028 10987221 Rat 41029443 LOC120093195 uncharacterized LOC120093195 6 10870365 10884418 Rat 628832 Kcng3 potassium voltage-gated channel modifier subfamily G member 3 6 11051311 11099264 Rat 41017011 LOC120093197 uncharacterized LOC120093197 6 11171549 11174023 Rat 1306111 Cox7a2l cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2 like 6 11184284 11198287 Rat 7673523 LOC102554883 uncharacterized LOC102554883 6 11211956 11220443 Rat 1304690 Eml4 EMAP like 4 6 11219545 11334824 Rat 41086840 Tpt1-ps10 tumor protein, translationally-controlled 1 pseudogene 10 6 11276599 11281855 Rat 7670283 LOC102556624 uncharacterized LOC102556624 6 11372692 11391056 Rat 1584001 H3f3a-ps3 H3.3 histone A, pseudogene 3 6 11421502 11422456 Rat 1311939 Pkdcc protein kinase domain containing, cytoplasmic 6 11455686 11465002 Rat 11485961 LOC108351164 uncharacterized LOC108351164 6 11465705 11480227 Rat 40976299 LOC120103472 uncharacterized LOC120103472 6 11500097 11506294 Rat 41369146 LOC120103473 uncharacterized LOC120103473 6 11542937 11571649 Rat 7517311 LOC102553857 uncharacterized LOC102553857 6 11563674 11635988 Rat 6500550 LOC100910081 uncharacterized LOC100910081 6 11591646 11595180 Rat 7752374 LOC102554045 uncharacterized LOC102554045 6 11642103 11685731 Rat 41061512 LOC120093297 U6 spliceosomal RNA 6 11671296 11671408 Rat 1597030 Psme3-ps3 proteasome activator subunit 3, pseudogene 3 6 11713707 11714533 Rat 9236593 LOC103692540 phosphomannomutase 1 pseudogene 6 11726009 11726743 Rat 7641948 LOC102552412 uncharacterized LOC102552412 6 12086242 12306215 Rat 11472968 Trnan-guu7 transfer RNA asparagine (anticodon GUU) 7 6 12112892 12112965 Rat 41209507 LOC120093412 U1 spliceosomal RNA 6 12161646 12161808 Rat 41084834 LOC120093453 small nucleolar RNA SNORA17 6 12594631 12594762 Rat 41343787 LOC120103474 uncharacterized LOC120103474 6 12641550 12651167 Rat 6501902 Set-ps7 Set nuclear proto-oncogene, pseudogene 7 6 12908889 12920762 Rat 41135465 LOC120103475 uncharacterized LOC120103475 6 13041458 13055736 Rat 3717 Slc8a1 solute carrier family 8 member A1 6 13194609 13547369 Rat 41176911 LOC120093498 U4 spliceosomal RNA 6 13201517 13201659 Rat 1306878 Thumpd2 THUMP domain containing 2 6 13924742 13976657 Rat 1303057 Tmem178a transmembrane protein 178A 6 14004629 14063677 Rat 11506404 LOC108351161 uncharacterized LOC108351161 6 14084668 14150295 Rat 41271659 LOC120103476 uncharacterized LOC120103476 6 14118792 14128563 Rat 7726994 LOC102551891 uncharacterized LOC102551891 6 14190898 14203284 Rat 621280 Map4k3 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 3 6 14276623 14446321 Rat 7610953 LOC102551744 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1-like 6 14347401 14348136 Rat 1583704 Cdkl4 cyclin-dependent kinase-like 4 6 14449822 14492568 Rat 1310949 Sos1 SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 6 14533870 14613348 Rat 1560224 Arhgef33 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 33 6 14582922 14715014 Rat 1597031 Eif4a2-ps2 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A2, pseudogene 2 6 14710927 14712015 Rat 1563988 Morn2 MORN repeat containing 2 6 14718799 14725281 Rat 1310340 Dhx57 DExH-box helicase 57 6 14725305 14776321 Rat 1311168 Gemin6 gem (nuclear organelle) associated protein 6 6 14786086 14790631 Rat 1311615 Ttc39d tetratricopeptide repeat domain 39D 6 14802753 14811516 Rat 1307425 Srsf7 serine and arginine rich splicing factor 7 6 14811775 14818968 Rat 1359459 Galm galactose mutarotase 6 14837540 14889484 Rat 41194476 LOC120093299 U6 spliceosomal RNA 6 14917251 14917354 Rat 1305861 Hnrnpll heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L-like 6 14969953 15000574 Rat 41266585 LOC120093309 U6 spliceosomal RNA 6 14995891 14995987 Rat 1305125 Atl2 atlastin GTPase 2 6 15139071 15180421 Rat 11514173 LOC108351158 uncharacterized LOC108351158 6 15257884 15259593 Rat 7638001 LOC102554703 uncharacterized LOC102554703 6 15260028 15283578 Rat 2460 Cyp1b1 cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily b, polypeptide 1 6 15342312 15350886 Rat 1559836 Rmdn2 regulator of microtubule dynamics 2 6 15372569 15443000 Rat 11511748 LOC108351157 uncharacterized LOC108351157 6 15661539 15678064 Rat 1305858 Cdc42ep3 CDC42 effector protein 3 6 15710894 15731366 Rat 41359201 LOC120093233 uncharacterized LOC120093233 6 15779792 15782678 Rat 9259827 LOC103692532 uncharacterized LOC103692532 6 15793403 15800448 Rat 1585899 LOC679690 similar to ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex, subunit G 6 15945315 15945626 Rat 2324081 Morf4l1-ps1 mortality factor 4 like 1, pseudogene 1 6 15947527 15948501 Rat 1562284 Qpct glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase 6 15964656 15996925 Rat 6489794 Rps17-ps9 ribosomal protein S17, pseudogene 9 6 16023642 16027014 Rat 1310236 Prkd3 protein kinase D3 6 16032507 16108444 Rat 1311578 Ndufaf7 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex assembly factor 7 6 16108630 16119810 Rat 1304994 Cebpz CCAAT/enhancer binding protein zeta 6 16119871 16137600 Rat 9177508 Cebpzos CEBPZ opposite strand 6 16135546 16140254 Rat 1585984 Hnrnpf-ps4 heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein F, pseudogene 4 6 16144213 16146357 Rat 1598187 Sult6b1 sulfotransferase family 6B member 1 6 16162382 16187116 Rat 3402 Eif2ak2 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2 6 16189000 16224972 Rat 41131139 LOC120103477 uncharacterized LOC120103477 6 16214658 16215105 Rat 1311424 Gpatch11 G patch domain containing 11 6 16229933 16243305 Rat 1359216 Heatr5b HEAT repeat containing 5B 6 16243424 16323439 Rat 3782 Strn striatin 6 16335265 16422159 Rat 1564128 Vit vitrin 6 16445966 16565644 Rat 619709 Fez2 fasciculation and elongation protein zeta 2 6 16654572 16694628 Rat 40956779 LOC120093475 U2 spliceosomal RNA 6 16678082 16678256 Rat 1308710 Crim1 cysteine rich transmembrane BMP regulator 1 6 16695864 16870264 Rat 41357253 LOC120103478 uncharacterized LOC120103478 6 16818921 16820617 Rat 2323142 Nsa2-ps2 NSA2 ribosome biogenesis factor, pseudogene 2 6 16889410 16892523 Rat 1587169 H3f3a-ps1 H3.3 histone A, pseudogene 1 6 16973923 16974753 Rat 7711568 LOC102553200 uncharacterized LOC102553200 6 17592012 17596460 Rat 1592088 Hsp90ab1-ps3 heat shock protein 90 alpha family class B member 1, pseudogene 3 6 17826612 17828822 Rat 41384706 Ndufa12-ps1 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A12, pseudogene 1 6 18161350 18161849 Rat 11495481 LOC108351326 peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase D pseudogene 6 18815492 18816893 Rat 41222005 LOC120093295 U6 spliceosomal RNA 6 19045319 19045424 Rat 1583780 Hspd1-ps11 heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1, pseudogene 11 6 19273851 19276050 Rat 41200534 LOC120093234 uncharacterized LOC120093234 6 19598606 19614675 Rat 1583779 St13-ps3 ST13, Hsp70 interacting protein, pseudogene 3 6 19738530 19740177 Rat 1583702 Ldha-ps13 lactate dehydrogenase A, pseudogene 13 6 19772302 19773267 Rat 1305486 Fam98a family with sequence similarity 98, member A 6 19874082 19888744 Rat 1304612 Rasgrp3 RAS guanyl releasing protein 3 6 19895366 19993945 Rat 7676249 Rpl32-ps18 ribosomal protein L32, pseudogene 18 6 19948760 19958584 Rat
QTLs in Region (mRatBN7.2)
738023 Alc17 Alcohol consumption QTL 17 3.1 0.003 consumption behavior trait (VT:0002069) ethanol drink intake rate to body weight ratio (CMO:0001616) 6 1 27574569 Rat 1354616 Despr12 Despair related QTL 12 0.0012 locomotor behavior trait (VT:0001392) amount of experiment time spent in a discrete space in an experimental apparatus (CMO:0000958) 6 1 27574569 Rat 1549905 Stresp10 Stress response QTL 10 6.83 0.0066 stress-related behavior trait (VT:0010451) number of approaches toward negative stimulus before onset of defensive burying response (CMO:0001960) 6 1 27574569 Rat 2300176 Bmd51 Bone mineral density QTL 51 11.7 0.0001 femur mineral mass (VT:0010011) bone mineral density (CMO:0001226) 6 1 27574569 Rat 2300190 Bmd52 Bone mineral density QTL 52 11.2 0.0001 femur mineral mass (VT:0010011) volumetric bone mineral density (CMO:0001553) 6 1 27574569 Rat 1331743 Uae28 Urinary albumin excretion QTL 28 4.5 urine albumin amount (VT:0002871) urine albumin level (CMO:0000130) 6 1 34235784 Rat 1578758 Tcas9 Tongue tumor susceptibility QTL 9 3.29 tongue integrity trait (VT:0010553) number of squamous cell tumors of the tongue with diameter greater than 3 mm (CMO:0001950) 6 1 37618905 Rat 1598843 Cm63 Cardiac mass QTL 63 2.6 heart mass (VT:0007028) heart weight to body weight ratio (CMO:0000074) 6 1 39036266 Rat 7411603 Foco13 Food consumption QTL 13 5.5 0.001 eating behavior trait (VT:0001431) feed conversion ratio (CMO:0001312) 6 1 41223769 Rat 8552962 Pigfal16 Plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 level QTL 16 9.4 blood insulin-like growth factor amount (VT:0010479) plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 level (CMO:0001299) 6 1 41223769 Rat 7411542 Bw127 Body weight QTL 127 5.5 0.001 body mass (VT:0001259) body weight gain (CMO:0000420) 6 1 41223769 Rat 9589129 Insul24 Insulin level QTL 24 19.06 0.001 blood insulin amount (VT:0001560) plasma insulin level (CMO:0000342) 6 1 41223769 Rat 9589048 Scfw3 Subcutaneous fat weight QTL 3 4.57 0.001 subcutaneous adipose mass (VT:1000472) abdominal subcutaneous fat pad weight (CMO:0002069) 6 1 41223769 Rat 2293709 Bss23 Bone structure and strength QTL 23 5.18 0.0001 femur morphology trait (VT:0000559) femur cross-sectional area (CMO:0001661) 6 1 42487980 Rat 2293650 Bss31 Bone structure and strength QTL 31 5.05 0.0001 femur strength trait (VT:0010010) femur midshaft polar moment of inertia (CMO:0001669) 6 1 42487980 Rat 2293656 Bss28 Bone structure and strength QTL 28 6.79 0.0001 femur morphology trait (VT:0000559) femur midshaft cortical cross-sectional area (CMO:0001663) 6 1 42487980 Rat 7411584 Foco4 Food consumption QTL 4 4.3 0.001 eating behavior trait (VT:0001431) feed conversion ratio (CMO:0001312) 6 1 42838846 Rat 738024 Sach5 Saccharine consumption QTL 5 3.9 0.00039 consumption behavior trait (VT:0002069) saccharin intake volume to total fluid intake volume ratio (CMO:0001601) 6 1 43394190 Rat 2301972 Bp325 Blood pressure QTL 325 4.8 arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000) systolic blood pressure (CMO:0000004) 6 1 72227641 Rat 2293706 Bmd20 Bone mineral density QTL 20 4.3 0.0002 femur mineral mass (VT:0010011) total volumetric bone mineral density (CMO:0001728) 6 5074497 19988050 Rat 1300128 Rf16 Renal function QTL 16 3.89 renal blood flow trait (VT:2000006) absolute change in renal blood flow rate (CMO:0001168) 6 5074497 34434305 Rat 1300164 Rf15 Renal function QTL 15 3.12 renal blood flow trait (VT:2000006) absolute change in renal blood flow rate (CMO:0001168) 6 5074497 54641141 Rat 1358190 Ept1 Estrogen-induced pituitary tumorigenesis QTL 1 4.4 pituitary gland mass (VT:0010496) pituitary gland wet weight (CMO:0000853) 6 9843312 20338915 Rat 2292616 Ept15 Estrogen-induced pituitary tumorigenesis QTL 15 4.4 pituitary gland mass (VT:0010496) pituitary gland wet weight (CMO:0000853) 6 9843312 20338915 Rat 4145119 Mcs25 Mammary carcinoma susceptibility QTL 25 0.0001 mammary gland integrity trait (VT:0010552) ratio of deaths to total study population during a period of time (CMO:0001023) 6 10894415 110548006 Rat 1578665 Bss16 Bone structure and strength QTL 16 4.4 femur morphology trait (VT:0000559) bone trabecular cross-sectional area (CMO:0002311) 6 11735669 72593685 Rat 1578668 Bmd14 Bone mineral density QTL 14 3.8 femur mineral mass (VT:0010011) total volumetric bone mineral density (CMO:0001728) 6 11735669 72593685 Rat 10401812 Kidm54 Kidney mass QTL 54 kidney mass (VT:0002707) both kidneys wet weight (CMO:0000085) 6 14368788 59368788 Rat 10401800 Kidm49 Kidney mass QTL 49 kidney mass (VT:0002707) both kidneys wet weight (CMO:0000085) 6 14368788 59368788 Rat 1576309 Emca7 Estrogen-induced mammary cancer QTL 7 4 mammary gland integrity trait (VT:0010552) mammary tumor number (CMO:0000343) 6 15107216 107351382 Rat 1359023 Bp272 Blood pressure QTL 272 2.5 arterial blood pressure trait (VT:2000000) mean arterial blood pressure (CMO:0000009) 6 16536140 27261739 Rat 2292589 Emca10 Estrogen-induced mammary cancer QTL 10 0.048 mammary gland integrity trait (VT:0010552) post-insult time to mammary tumor formation (CMO:0000345) 6 16536140 61536140 Rat 1354664 Slep2 Serum leptin concentration QTL 2 4.49 blood leptin amount (VT:0005667) serum leptin level (CMO:0000780) 6 16536140 71636405 Rat