The Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) ontology is downloaded weekly from EMBL-EBI at http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/. The data is made available under the Creative Commons License (CC BY 3.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). For more information see: Degtyarenko et al. (2008) ChEBI: a database and ontology for chemical entities of biological interest. Nucleic Acids Res. 36, D344–D350.
A highly complex mixture of several hundred polychlorinated compounds obtained by chlorination of camphene to an overall chlorine content of 67-69% by weight and having an overall empirical formula of C10H10Cl8 (including optical isomers, it could theoretically contain over 32,000 congeners). Toxaphene was used from the mid-1940s as an agricultural insecticide (mostly in the USA, particularly on corn and soybeans). Use increased with the phasing out of DDT in the 1970s (it became the most heavily manufactured pesticide in the US) but it is now banned due to concerns about toxicity and carcinogenicity. Total production since its first use is estimated at around 500,000 tons. In the environment, most of the components of toxaphene get metabolised, but from 10 to >100 resist biodegradation, depending on the medium and the specialisation of the enzyme system. Breathing, drinking or eating high levels of toxaphene can damage the lungs, kidneys, and nervous system.
[DDT analog co-treated with Hexachlorocyclohexane analog co-treated with Chlorobenzenes co-treated with Mirex co-treated with Polychlorinated Biphenyls co-treated with Chlordan co-treated with Toxaphene co-treated with Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated] inhibits the reaction [Dihydrotestosterone results in increased expression of AR mRNA]; Toxaphene binds to and results in increased activity of AR protein; Toxaphene inhibits the reaction [Dihydrotestosterone results in increased activity of AR protein]; Toxaphene inhibits the reaction [Metribolone results in increased activity of AR protein]
CAT protein inhibits the reaction [Toxaphene results in increased degradation of GSN protein]; CAT protein inhibits the reaction [Toxaphene results in increased degradation of PXN protein]; CAT protein inhibits the reaction [Toxaphene results in increased degradation of VIM protein]
Toxaphene results in increased expression of CYP1A1 mRNA NR1I3 gene mutant form inhibits the reaction [Toxaphene results in increased expression of CYP1A1 mRNA]
Toxaphene results in increased expression of CYP1A2 mRNA NR1I3 gene mutant form inhibits the reaction [Toxaphene results in increased expression of CYP1A2 mRNA]
Toxaphene results in increased expression of CYP2B10 mRNA NR1I3 gene mutant form inhibits the reaction [Toxaphene results in increased expression of CYP2B10 mRNA]
[DDT analog co-treated with Hexachlorocyclohexane analog co-treated with Chlorobenzenes co-treated with Mirex co-treated with Polychlorinated Biphenyls co-treated with Chlordan co-treated with Toxaphene co-treated with Aldrin co-treated with Dieldrin] results in increased expression of ESR1 mRNA; [Toxaphene co-treated with Chlordan] inhibits the reaction [Estradiol binds to ESR1 protein]; [Toxaphene co-treated with Dieldrin co-treated with Chlordan] inhibits the reaction [Estradiol binds to ESR1 protein]; Toxaphene binds to and results in increased activity of ESR1 protein; Toxaphene inhibits the reaction [Estradiol binds to ESR1 protein] Toxaphene binds to ESR1 protein Toxaphene results in increased expression of ESR1 mRNA Toxaphene results in increased activity of ESR1 protein
Toxaphene binds to and results in decreased activity of ESRRA protein; Toxaphene binds to and results in increased activity of ESRRA protein mutant form; Toxaphene inhibits the reaction [NCOA2 protein results in increased activity of ESRRA protein] Toxaphene results in decreased activity of ESRRA protein
Toxaphene results in increased degradation of GSN protein CAT protein inhibits the reaction [Toxaphene results in increased degradation of GSN protein]
Toxaphene results in increased activity of NR1I2 protein [NR1I2 gene mutant form affects the susceptibility to Toxaphene] which results in increased expression of MYC mRNA
NR1I3 gene affects the susceptibility to Toxaphene NR1I3 gene mutant form inhibits the reaction [Toxaphene results in increased expression of CYP1A1 mRNA]; NR1I3 gene mutant form inhibits the reaction [Toxaphene results in increased expression of CYP1A2 mRNA]; NR1I3 gene mutant form inhibits the reaction [Toxaphene results in increased expression of CYP2B10 mRNA]; NR1I3 gene mutant form inhibits the reaction [Toxaphene results in increased expression of CYP2B9 mRNA]; NR1I3 gene mutant form inhibits the reaction [Toxaphene results in increased expression of CYP3A11 mRNA]
Toxaphene inhibits the reaction [16 alpha-ethyl-21-hydroxy-19-nor-4-pregnene-3,20-dione results in increased activity of PGR protein]; Toxaphene inhibits the reaction [Progesterone binds to PGR protein] Toxaphene binds to PGR protein Toxaphene results in increased expression of PGR mRNA
Toxaphene results in decreased expression of TFF1 mRNA Toxaphene results in decreased secretion of TFF1 protein Toxaphene results in increased expression of TFF1 mRNA
Toxaphene results in increased degradation of VIM protein CAT protein inhibits the reaction [Toxaphene results in increased degradation of VIM protein]
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