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CHEBI ONTOLOGY - ANNOTATIONS

The Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) ontology is downloaded weekly from EMBL-EBI at http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/. The data is made available under the Creative Commons License (CC BY 3.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). For more information see: Degtyarenko et al. (2008) ChEBI: a database and ontology for chemical entities of biological interest. Nucleic Acids Res. 36, D344–D350.
Term:malic acid
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Accession:CHEBI:6650 term browser browse the term
Definition:A 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid that is succinic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to a carbon is replaced by a hydroxy group.
Synonyms:related_synonym: 2-Hydroxybutanedioic acid;   2-Hydroxyethane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid;   2-Hydroxysuccinic acid;   Aepfelsaeure;   DL-Malic acid;   E296;   Formula=C4H6O5;   H2mal;   InChI=1S/C4H6O5/c5-2(4(8)9)1-3(6)7/h2,5H,1H2,(H,6,7)(H,8,9);   InChIKey=BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N;   SMILES=OC(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O;   alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid;   apple acid;   hydroxybutanedioic acid;   hydroxysuccinic acid
 xref: CAS:6915-15-7;   Gmelin:3325;   HMDB:HMDB0000744;   KEGG:C00711;   KEGG:D04843
 xref_mesh: MESH:C030298
 xref: MetaCyc:RS-Malate;   PMID:15767321;   PMID:17190852;   PMID:17439666;   PMID:17896933;   PMID:19743855;   PMID:22411507;   PPDB:1352;   Reaxys:1723539;   Wikipedia:Malic_acid
 cyclic_relationship: is_conjugate_acid_of CHEBI:15595;   is_conjugate_acid_of CHEBI:25115


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malic acid term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G App amyloid beta precursor protein decreases abundance
multiple interactions 		ISO APP protein mutant form results in decreased abundance of malic acid
[APP protein mutant form co-treated with PSEN1 protein mutant form] results in decreased abundance of malic acid; IDO1 protein affects the reaction [[APP protein mutant form co-treated with PSEN1 protein mutant form] results in decreased abundance of malic acid]; PF-06840003 inhibits the reaction [[APP protein mutant form co-treated with PSEN1 protein mutant form] results in decreased abundance of malic acid]
PF-06840003 inhibits the reaction [APP protein mutant form results in decreased abundance of malic acid] 		CTD PMID:39172838 NCBI chr11:37,506,207...37,724,351
Ensembl chr11:37,506,408...37,722,971 		JBrowse link
G Casp3 caspase 3 multiple interactions ISO [Glutamic Acid co-treated with malic acid co-treated with Ubiquinone] inhibits the reaction [chromium hexavalent ion results in increased activity of CASP3 protein]; [Glutamic Acid co-treated with malic acid] inhibits the reaction [chromium hexavalent ion results in increased activity of CASP3 protein] CTD PMID:24732427 NCBI chr16:52,395,539...52,413,794
Ensembl chr16:52,395,540...52,413,732 		JBrowse link
G Idh2 isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 2 multiple interactions
decreases abundance 		ISO Triazines inhibits the reaction [IDH2 protein mutant form results in decreased abundance of malic acid] CTD PMID:27469509 NCBI chr 1:143,447,925...143,467,248
Ensembl chr 1:143,439,323...143,467,248 		JBrowse link
G Ido1 indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 multiple interactions ISO IDO1 protein affects the reaction [[APP protein mutant form co-treated with PSEN1 protein mutant form] results in decreased abundance of malic acid] CTD PMID:39172838 NCBI chr16:74,133,259...74,145,328
Ensembl chr16:74,133,259...74,145,328 		JBrowse link
G Mapt microtubule-associated protein tau decreases abundance
multiple interactions 		ISO MAPT protein mutant form results in decreased abundance of malic acid
PF-06840003 inhibits the reaction [MAPT protein mutant form results in decreased abundance of malic acid] 		CTD PMID:39172838 NCBI chr10:89,638,618...89,736,108
Ensembl chr10:89,638,599...89,736,108 		JBrowse link
G Mdh1 malate dehydrogenase 1 increases expression ISO malic acid deficiency results in increased expression of MDH1 mRNA CTD PMID:26811028 NCBI chr14:99,831,934...99,847,227
Ensembl chr14:99,831,615...99,847,232 		JBrowse link
G Nr1h4 nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 4 multiple interactions ISO [[NR1H4 protein co-treated with Dietary Fats] results in increased susceptibility to caffeic acid phenethyl ester] which results in increased abundance of malic acid CTD PMID:28223344 NCBI chr 7:25,733,471...25,829,440
Ensembl chr 7:25,733,471...25,829,389 		JBrowse link
G Ppargc1a PPARG coactivator 1 alpha increases expression ISO malic acid results in increased expression of PPARGC1A mRNA CTD PMID:23056435 NCBI chr14:63,073,505...63,729,215
Ensembl chr14:63,273,189...63,729,213 		JBrowse link
G Psen1 presenilin 1 multiple interactions ISO [APP protein mutant form co-treated with PSEN1 protein mutant form] results in decreased abundance of malic acid; IDO1 protein affects the reaction [[APP protein mutant form co-treated with PSEN1 protein mutant form] results in decreased abundance of malic acid]; PF-06840003 inhibits the reaction [[APP protein mutant form co-treated with PSEN1 protein mutant form] results in decreased abundance of malic acid] CTD PMID:39172838 NCBI chr 6:109,054,160...109,106,191
Ensembl chr 6:109,060,352...109,106,189 		JBrowse link
diethyl malate term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Acta2 actin alpha 2, smooth muscle affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of ACTA2 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 1:241,159,723...241,172,503
Ensembl chr 1:241,159,724...241,172,503 		JBrowse link
G Actc1 actin, alpha, cardiac muscle 1 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of ACTC1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 3:121,266,291...121,271,827
Ensembl chr 3:121,266,291...121,271,827 		JBrowse link
G Actn3 actinin alpha 3 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of ACTN3 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 1:211,588,473...211,604,401
Ensembl chr 1:211,588,474...211,604,401 		JBrowse link
G Adcy1 adenylate cyclase 1 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of ADCY1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr14:86,125,119...86,234,459
Ensembl chr14:86,124,850...86,261,075 		JBrowse link
G Adh1c alcohol dehydrogenase 1C (class I), gamma polypeptide affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of ADH1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 2:229,470,703...229,482,291
Ensembl chr 2:229,470,703...229,482,291 		JBrowse link
G Agt angiotensinogen affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of AGT mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr19:69,426,540...69,447,017
Ensembl chr19:69,421,638...69,446,944 		JBrowse link
G Angptl4 angiopoietin-like 4 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of ANGPTL4 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 7:15,252,450...15,259,971
Ensembl chr 7:15,252,473...15,258,681 		JBrowse link
G Asf1b anti-silencing function 1B histone chaperone increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of ASF1B mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr19:41,085,786...41,100,352
Ensembl chr19:41,086,114...41,100,352 		JBrowse link
G Atp6v1b2 ATPase H+ transporting V1 subunit B2 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of ATP6V1B2 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr16:25,384,254...25,408,388
Ensembl chr16:25,384,257...25,408,839 		JBrowse link
G Bag3 BAG cochaperone 3 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of BAG3 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 1:192,533,460...192,557,281
Ensembl chr 1:192,475,828...192,557,280 		JBrowse link
G Bcas2 BCAS2, pre-mRNA processing factor increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of BCAS2 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 2:193,381,000...193,388,881
Ensembl chr 2:193,380,982...193,388,878 		JBrowse link
G Bcl2l11 Bcl2-like 11 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of BCL2L11 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 3:135,820,042...135,857,330
Ensembl chr 3:135,817,562...135,960,695 		JBrowse link
G Brd2 bromodomain containing 2 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of BRD2 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr20:4,728,282...4,737,286
Ensembl chr20:4,728,951...4,737,290 		JBrowse link
G C3 complement C3 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of C3 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 9:2,174,412...2,201,339
Ensembl chr 9:2,174,412...2,201,339 		JBrowse link
G Cacnb2 calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit beta 2 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of CACNB2 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr17:82,473,097...82,818,564
Ensembl chr17:82,473,129...82,818,564 		JBrowse link
G Cacnb4 calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit beta 4 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of CACNB4 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 3:57,315,900...57,578,271
Ensembl chr 3:57,315,900...57,578,220 		JBrowse link
G Camk2a calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha multiple interactions
affects expression 		ISO S-ethyl glutathione inhibits the reaction [diethyl malate affects the expression of CAMK2A mRNA] CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr18:56,648,779...56,711,505
Ensembl chr18:56,649,025...56,711,504 		JBrowse link
G Casp3 caspase 3 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of CASP3 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr16:52,395,539...52,413,794
Ensembl chr16:52,395,540...52,413,732 		JBrowse link
G Cbr2 carbonyl reductase 2 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of CBR2 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr10:106,008,535...106,012,838
Ensembl chr10:106,509,136...106,511,180 		JBrowse link
G Ccl20 C-C motif chemokine ligand 20 affects expression
increases expression 		ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of CCL20 mRNA
diethyl malate results in increased expression of CCL20 mRNA 		CTD PMID:24814887 PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 9:91,837,139...91,839,736
Ensembl chr 9:91,836,946...91,839,736 		JBrowse link
G Ccl7 C-C motif chemokine ligand 7 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of CCL7 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr10:67,514,095...67,515,945
Ensembl chr10:67,514,091...67,515,947 		JBrowse link
G Ccl9 C-C motif chemokine ligand 9 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of CCL6 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr10:68,863,994...68,868,928
Ensembl chr10:68,863,995...68,868,877 		JBrowse link
G Ccn2 cellular communication network factor 2 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of CTGF mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 1:22,621,498...22,624,614
Ensembl chr 1:22,621,501...22,624,976 		JBrowse link
G Ccne2 cyclin E2 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of CCNE2 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 5:29,082,169...29,094,879
Ensembl chr 5:29,082,703...29,094,882 		JBrowse link
G Cdk5r1 cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit 1 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of CDK5R1 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr10:65,981,692...65,985,831
Ensembl chr10:65,978,911...65,989,272 		JBrowse link
G Chac1 ChaC glutathione-specific gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 1 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of CHAC1 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 3:126,796,131...126,799,352
Ensembl chr 3:126,796,024...126,799,361 		JBrowse link
G Cidec cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector c increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of CIDEC mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 4:148,124,924...148,137,806
Ensembl chr 4:148,124,925...148,137,806 		JBrowse link
G Cks2 CDC28 protein kinase regulatory subunit 2 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of CKS2 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr17:13,722,360...13,727,519
Ensembl chr17:13,722,361...13,727,519 		JBrowse link
G Clk1 CDC-like kinase 1 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of CLK1 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 9:67,441,962...67,453,180
Ensembl chr 9:67,441,952...67,451,187 		JBrowse link
G Col11a1 collagen type XI alpha 1 chain affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of COL11A1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 2:204,509,136...204,702,264
Ensembl chr 2:204,509,136...204,702,264 		JBrowse link
G Col2a1 collagen type II alpha 1 chain affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of COL2A1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 7:130,977,561...131,006,627
Ensembl chr 7:130,977,561...131,006,627 		JBrowse link
G Col3a1 collagen type III alpha 1 chain affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of COL3A1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 9:54,866,646...54,902,578
Ensembl chr 9:54,866,632...54,903,232 		JBrowse link
G Col6a1 collagen type VI alpha 1 chain affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of COL6A1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr20:11,905,690...11,924,111
Ensembl chr20:11,905,457...11,924,107 		JBrowse link
G Comp cartilage oligomeric matrix protein affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of COMP mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr16:19,081,172...19,089,548
Ensembl chr16:19,081,172...19,089,605 		JBrowse link
G Csrnp1 cysteine and serine rich nuclear protein 1 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of CSRNP1 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 8:128,582,364...128,594,163
Ensembl chr 8:128,582,365...128,588,469 		JBrowse link
G Cxcl12 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 affects expression
multiple interactions 		ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of CXCL12 mRNA
S-ethyl glutathione inhibits the reaction [diethyl malate affects the expression of CXCL12 mRNA] 		CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 4:152,060,781...152,073,628
Ensembl chr 4:152,060,780...152,073,627 		JBrowse link
G Cxcl3 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 3 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of CXCL1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr14:17,571,900...17,573,624
Ensembl chr14:17,571,900...17,573,624 		JBrowse link
G Cxcl6 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 6 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of CXCL5 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr14:17,594,959...17,596,417
Ensembl chr14:17,594,959...17,596,417 		JBrowse link
G Cyp2j4 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily j, polypeptide 4 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of CYP2J9 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 5:116,295,691...116,323,219
Ensembl chr 5:116,295,694...116,323,042 		JBrowse link
G Cyp4f18 cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily f, polypeptide 18 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of CYP4F3 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr16:17,797,558...17,838,958
Ensembl chr16:17,740,001...17,838,958 		JBrowse link
G Dapk2 death-associated protein kinase 2 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of DAPK2 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 8:75,601,621...75,720,619
Ensembl chr 8:75,601,634...75,720,617 		JBrowse link
G Ddit3 DNA-damage inducible transcript 3 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of DDIT3 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 7:65,001,695...65,006,517
Ensembl chr 7:65,005,501...65,006,509 		JBrowse link
G Dhrs3 dehydrogenase/reductase 3 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of DHRS3 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 5:162,031,853...162,065,655
Ensembl chr 5:162,031,386...162,065,653 		JBrowse link
G Dhx58 DEXH-box helicase 58 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of DHX58 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr10:86,120,677...86,132,095
Ensembl chr10:86,120,677...86,131,844 		JBrowse link
G Dnajb4 DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member B4 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of DNAJB4 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 2:243,790,296...243,819,042
Ensembl chr 2:243,790,297...243,819,042 		JBrowse link
G Edar ectodysplasin-A receptor affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of EDAR mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr20:27,130,934...27,209,672
Ensembl chr20:27,130,934...27,209,630 		JBrowse link
G Ednra endothelin receptor type A affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of EDNRA mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr19:47,137,360...47,207,961
Ensembl chr19:47,137,771...47,201,284 		JBrowse link
G Emg1 EMG1 N1-specific pseudouridine methyltransferase increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of EMG1 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 4:159,195,545...159,203,826
Ensembl chr 4:159,195,564...159,203,826 		JBrowse link
G Eno2 enolase 2 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of ENO2 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 4:159,258,371...159,267,220
Ensembl chr 4:159,258,371...159,267,220 		JBrowse link
G Epas1 endothelial PAS domain protein 1 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of EPAS1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 6:13,543,252...13,626,147
Ensembl chr 6:13,544,389...13,624,729 		JBrowse link
G Epha7 Eph receptor A7 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of EPHA7 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 5:47,771,776...47,925,189
Ensembl chr 5:47,771,865...47,925,058 		JBrowse link
G Ephb2 Eph receptor B2 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of EPHB2 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 5:154,179,065...154,360,459
Ensembl chr 5:154,179,065...154,360,615 		JBrowse link
G Ephb6 Eph receptor B6 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of EPHB6 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 4:71,458,632...71,473,889
Ensembl chr 4:71,458,971...71,476,659 		JBrowse link
G Fam83d family with sequence similarity 83, member D increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of FAM83D mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 3:147,421,941...147,441,211
Ensembl chr 3:167,841,791...167,861,061 		JBrowse link
G Fgf10 fibroblast growth factor 10 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of FGF10 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 2:52,533,939...52,610,980
Ensembl chr 2:52,533,939...52,610,980 		JBrowse link
G Fgf18 fibroblast growth factor 18 multiple interactions
affects expression 		ISO S-ethyl glutathione inhibits the reaction [diethyl malate affects the expression of FGF18 mRNA] CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr10:18,210,240...18,241,929
Ensembl chr10:18,210,512...18,240,933 		JBrowse link
G Fgfr2 fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of FGFR2 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 1:194,175,703...194,280,914
Ensembl chr 1:194,175,705...194,280,914 		JBrowse link
G Fosl1 FOS like 1, AP-1 transcription factor subunit increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of FOSL1 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 1:212,183,885...212,192,391
Ensembl chr 1:212,183,833...212,192,391 		JBrowse link
G Fst follistatin affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of FST mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 2:47,856,345...47,863,670
Ensembl chr 2:47,856,345...47,863,491 		JBrowse link
G Fzd2 frizzled class receptor 2 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of FZD2 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr10:88,061,988...88,063,898
Ensembl chr10:88,061,667...88,065,396 		JBrowse link
G Fzd7 frizzled class receptor 7 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of FZD7 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 9:68,425,538...68,428,357
Ensembl chr 9:68,411,259...68,432,585 		JBrowse link
G G6pd glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of G6PD mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr  X:157,352,364...157,372,144
Ensembl chr  X:157,352,373...157,372,144 		JBrowse link
G Gclc glutamate-cysteine ligase, catalytic subunit affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of GCLC mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 8:87,510,251...87,548,896
Ensembl chr 8:87,510,463...87,548,893 		JBrowse link
G Gclm glutamate cysteine ligase, modifier subunit multiple interactions
affects expression 		ISO S-ethyl glutathione inhibits the reaction [diethyl malate affects the expression of GCLM mRNA] CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 2:213,032,135...213,052,192
Ensembl chr 2:213,031,838...213,055,003 		JBrowse link
G Gcnt3 glucosaminyl (N-acetyl) transferase 3, mucin type increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of GCNT3 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 8:79,570,081...79,577,389
Ensembl chr 8:79,566,753...79,581,595 		JBrowse link
G Ggt6 gamma-glutamyl transferase 6 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of GGT6 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr10:57,550,447...57,553,461
Ensembl chr10:57,550,492...57,553,460 		JBrowse link
G Gli2 GLI family zinc finger 2 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of GLI2 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr13:32,499,678...32,716,418
Ensembl chr13:32,499,678...32,716,418 		JBrowse link
G Gnao1 G protein subunit alpha o1 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of GNAO1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr19:11,040,788...11,198,437
Ensembl chr19:11,040,788...11,198,437 		JBrowse link
G Gng7 G protein subunit gamma 7 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of GNG7 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 7:9,348,148...9,411,924
Ensembl chr 7:9,348,218...9,411,923 		JBrowse link
G Gnpda1 glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase 1 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of GNPDA1 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr18:30,416,599...30,428,630
Ensembl chr18:30,416,607...30,428,630 		JBrowse link
G Gpat3 glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 3 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of GPAT3 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr14:8,715,367...8,768,051 JBrowse link
G Gsr glutathione-disulfide reductase affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of GSR mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr16:65,185,574...65,228,742
Ensembl chr16:65,185,574...65,228,394 		JBrowse link
G Gss glutathione synthetase multiple interactions
affects expression 		ISO S-ethyl glutathione inhibits the reaction [diethyl malate affects the expression of GSS mRNA] CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 3:164,508,005...164,538,343
Ensembl chr 3:164,508,005...164,538,306 		JBrowse link
G Gsta5 glutathione S-transferase alpha 5 affects expression
multiple interactions 		ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of GSTA1 mRNA
S-ethyl glutathione inhibits the reaction [diethyl malate affects the expression of GSTA1 mRNA] 		CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 8:87,985,768...87,997,766
Ensembl chr 8:87,985,258...87,997,765 		JBrowse link
G Gucy1a1 guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit alpha 1 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of GUCY1A1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 2:169,716,684...169,780,360
Ensembl chr 2:169,716,709...169,779,737 		JBrowse link
G Gucy1b1 guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 1 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of GUCY1B1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 2:169,646,897...169,697,060
Ensembl chr 2:169,646,898...169,696,987 		JBrowse link
G H2ac4 H2A clustered histone 4 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of HIST1H2AC mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr17:47,495,624...47,496,127
Ensembl chr17:47,495,546...47,496,173 		JBrowse link
G Hck HCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of HCK mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 3:162,031,833...162,074,933
Ensembl chr 3:162,031,817...162,074,935 		JBrowse link
G Hgf hepatocyte growth factor affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of HGF mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 4:19,628,902...19,700,467
Ensembl chr 4:19,632,267...19,700,851 		JBrowse link
G Hist1h2bd histone cluster 1 H2B family member D increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of HIST1H2BD mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr17:47,488,627...47,489,008 JBrowse link
G Hmgcs2 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of HMGCS2 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 2:188,564,348...188,590,872
Ensembl chr 2:188,547,767...188,592,242 		JBrowse link
G Hmmr hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of HMMR mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr10:25,635,249...25,665,389
Ensembl chr10:25,635,915...25,665,390 		JBrowse link
G Hmox1 heme oxygenase 1 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of HMOX1 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr19:13,452,365...13,479,823
Ensembl chr19:13,472,884...13,479,818 		JBrowse link
G Hsp90aa1 heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of HSP90AA1 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 6:135,523,604...135,529,687
Ensembl chr 6:135,523,616...135,528,499 		JBrowse link
G Hspa1a heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1A increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of HSPA1A mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr20:3,875,411...3,877,866
Ensembl chr20:3,855,780...3,877,979 		JBrowse link
G Hspa1b heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1B increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of HSPA1B mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr20:3,859,756...3,863,800
Ensembl chr20:3,855,780...3,877,979 		JBrowse link
G Hspa2 heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 2 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of HSPA2 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 6:100,864,172...100,866,946
Ensembl chr 6:100,864,553...100,867,133 		JBrowse link
G Hspa8 heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 8 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of HSPA8 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 8:50,080,514...50,084,376
Ensembl chr 8:50,080,199...50,084,372 		JBrowse link
G Ifrd1 interferon-related developmental regulator 1 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of IFRD1 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 6:62,996,560...63,044,996
Ensembl chr 6:62,996,562...63,016,131 		JBrowse link
G Igf1 insulin-like growth factor 1 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of IGF1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 7:24,169,608...24,249,446
Ensembl chr 7:24,130,137...24,246,764 		JBrowse link
G Igfbp3 insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of IGFBP3 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr14:86,270,208...86,277,944
Ensembl chr14:86,270,208...86,277,944 		JBrowse link
G Il15 interleukin 15 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of IL15 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr19:42,536,160...42,611,349
Ensembl chr19:42,545,346...42,611,348 		JBrowse link
G Il18 interleukin 18 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of IL18 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 8:59,802,072...59,829,275
Ensembl chr 8:59,809,592...59,831,286 		JBrowse link
G Irag1 inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor associated 1 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of IRAG1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 1:174,416,383...174,528,913
Ensembl chr 1:174,416,385...174,528,851 		JBrowse link
G Irf7 interferon regulatory factor 7 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of IRF7 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 1:205,796,956...205,800,543
Ensembl chr 1:205,796,959...205,800,023 		JBrowse link
G Isg15 ISG15 ubiquitin-like modifier affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of ISG15 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 5:172,066,369...172,067,656
Ensembl chr 5:172,066,369...172,067,656 		JBrowse link
G Itga11 integrin subunit alpha 11 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of ITGA11 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 8:63,145,998...63,254,714
Ensembl chr 8:72,016,652...72,150,137 		JBrowse link
G Itga3 integrin subunit alpha 3 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of ITGA3 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr10:80,486,998...80,522,548
Ensembl chr10:80,486,999...80,518,901 		JBrowse link
G Jmjd6 jumonji domain containing 6, arginine demethylase and lysine hydroxylase increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of JMJD6 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr10:102,539,935...102,545,986
Ensembl chr10:102,539,894...102,545,986 		JBrowse link
G Kcnmb4 potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 4 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of KCNMB4 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 7:53,952,150...54,005,101
Ensembl chr 7:53,949,881...54,005,281 		JBrowse link
G Lama1 laminin subunit alpha 1 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of LAMA1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 9:115,139,548...115,263,620
Ensembl chr 9:115,139,548...115,264,251 		JBrowse link
G Lama4 laminin subunit alpha 4 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of LAMA4 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr20:43,946,898...44,087,972
Ensembl chr20:43,946,898...44,087,972 		JBrowse link
G Maff MAF bZIP transcription factor F increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of MAFF mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 7:112,792,787...112,804,139
Ensembl chr 7:112,791,416...112,804,147 		JBrowse link
G Mafg MAF bZIP transcription factor G increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of MAFG mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr10:106,401,633...106,410,159 JBrowse link
G Map1lc3b microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of MAP1LC3B mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr19:66,571,631...66,582,270
Ensembl chr19:66,574,407...66,584,358
Ensembl chr16:66,574,407...66,584,358 		JBrowse link
G Mapk1 mitogen activated protein kinase 1 affects phosphorylation
multiple interactions 		ISO diethyl malate affects the phosphorylation of MAPK1 protein
S-ethyl glutathione inhibits the reaction [diethyl malate affects the phosphorylation of MAPK1 protein] 		CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr11:97,462,025...97,529,193
Ensembl chr11:97,462,025...97,527,825 		JBrowse link
G Mapk3 mitogen activated protein kinase 3 affects phosphorylation
multiple interactions 		ISO diethyl malate affects the phosphorylation of MAPK3 protein
S-ethyl glutathione inhibits the reaction [diethyl malate affects the phosphorylation of MAPK3 protein] 		CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 1:190,797,189...190,803,411
Ensembl chr 1:190,797,185...190,803,411 		JBrowse link
G Mmp1 matrix metallopeptidase 1 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of MMP1 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 8:12,943,453...12,963,966
Ensembl chr 8:12,943,453...12,963,964 		JBrowse link
G Mmp3 matrix metallopeptidase 3 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of MMP3 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 8:12,925,267...12,938,828
Ensembl chr 8:12,925,280...12,938,826 		JBrowse link
G Myl4 myosin, light chain 4 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of MYL4 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr10:89,949,733...89,985,308
Ensembl chr10:89,949,404...89,985,308 		JBrowse link
G Myl9 myosin light chain 9 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of MYL9 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 3:165,742,020...165,748,409
Ensembl chr 3:165,742,046...165,748,410 		JBrowse link
G Ndrg1 N-myc downstream regulated 1 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of NDRG1 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 7:100,573,526...100,614,902
Ensembl chr 7:100,573,523...100,614,913 		JBrowse link
G Odc1 ornithine decarboxylase 1 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of ODC1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 6:46,058,439...46,065,148
Ensembl chr 6:46,058,463...46,065,146 		JBrowse link
G Osgin1 oxidative stress induced growth inhibitor 1 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of OSGIN1 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr19:64,380,336...64,409,165
Ensembl chr19:64,401,173...64,409,162 		JBrowse link
G Pdgfb platelet derived growth factor subunit B affects expression
multiple interactions 		ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of PDGFB mRNA
S-ethyl glutathione inhibits the reaction [diethyl malate affects the expression of PDGFB mRNA] 		CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 7:113,419,882...113,438,343
Ensembl chr 7:113,420,710...113,438,343 		JBrowse link
G Pdgfd platelet derived growth factor D affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of PDGFD mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 8:11,773,335...12,007,277
Ensembl chr 8:11,773,475...12,007,271 		JBrowse link
G Pf4 platelet factor 4 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of PF4 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr14:17,582,477...17,583,392
Ensembl chr14:17,582,477...17,583,392 		JBrowse link
G Pfkfb4 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 4 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of PFKFB4 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 8:118,522,371...118,565,478
Ensembl chr 8:118,522,365...118,565,468 		JBrowse link
G Pik3ip1 phosphoinositide-3-kinase interacting protein 1 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of PIK3IP1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr14:78,204,668...78,216,616
Ensembl chr14:82,428,248...82,440,260 		JBrowse link
G Plin2 perilipin 2 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of PLIN2 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 5:106,202,634...106,258,748
Ensembl chr 5:106,202,634...106,258,878 		JBrowse link
G Plxnc1 plexin C1 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of PLXNC1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 7:31,276,978...31,430,823
Ensembl chr 7:31,276,978...31,431,092 		JBrowse link
G Ppp1r15a protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 15A increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of PPP1R15A mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 1:105,136,521...105,139,596
Ensembl chr 1:105,136,525...105,139,774 		JBrowse link
G Prkg1 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of PRKG1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 1:237,818,950...239,052,184
Ensembl chr 1:237,823,053...239,103,005 		JBrowse link
G Ptgis prostaglandin I2 synthase affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of PTGIS mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 3:176,347,589...176,383,251
Ensembl chr 3:176,335,437...176,407,650 		JBrowse link
G Ramp2 receptor activity modifying protein 2 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of RAMP2 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr10:86,689,148...86,690,956
Ensembl chr10:86,688,703...86,691,231 		JBrowse link
G Rgs3 regulator of G-protein signaling 3 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of RGS3 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 5:81,037,588...81,177,446
Ensembl chr 5:81,056,068...81,177,445 		JBrowse link
G Rig1 RNA sensor RIG-1 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of RIGI mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 5:60,117,398...60,165,995
Ensembl chr 5:60,117,398...60,165,995 		JBrowse link
G RT1-DMb RT1 class II, locus DMb affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of H2-DMB1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr20:4,695,009...4,702,560
Ensembl chr20:4,695,010...4,702,246 		JBrowse link
G RT1-M3-1 RT1 class Ib, locus M3, gene 1 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of H2-M3 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr20:1,329,227...1,333,394
Ensembl chr20:1,329,225...1,333,366 		JBrowse link
G Runx1t1 RUNX1 partner transcriptional co-repressor 1 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of RUNX1T1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 5:31,984,946...32,136,878
Ensembl chr 5:31,984,855...32,132,855 		JBrowse link
G Sema3b semaphorin 3B affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of SEMA3B mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 8:108,271,663...108,280,326
Ensembl chr 8:117,150,589...117,157,658 		JBrowse link
G Sema4g semaphorin 4G affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of SEMA4G mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 1:243,849,979...243,865,343
Ensembl chr 1:253,800,099...253,814,503 		JBrowse link
G Sema5a semaphorin 5A affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of SEMA5A mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 2:85,020,724...85,451,938
Ensembl chr 2:85,020,724...85,451,938 		JBrowse link
G Sertad1 SERTA domain containing 1 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of SERTAD1 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 1:91,903,297...91,906,565
Ensembl chr 1:91,891,814...91,907,001 		JBrowse link
G Slc7a11 solute carrier family 7 member 11 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of SLC7A11 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 2:136,532,912...136,668,560
Ensembl chr 2:136,532,246...136,695,695 		JBrowse link
G Srxn1 sulfiredoxin 1 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of SRXN1 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 3:161,064,812...161,070,372
Ensembl chr 3:161,059,931...161,088,765 		JBrowse link
G Stat1 signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of STAT1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 9:56,911,522...56,951,926
Ensembl chr 9:56,911,523...57,077,346 		JBrowse link
G Tacc3 transforming, acidic coiled-coil containing protein 3 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of TACC3 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr14:81,275,755...81,289,894
Ensembl chr14:81,275,755...81,289,698 		JBrowse link
G Tes testin LIM domain protein increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of TES mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 4:46,331,257...46,369,782
Ensembl chr 4:46,331,257...46,369,780 		JBrowse link
G Tgfb2 transforming growth factor, beta 2 affects expression
multiple interactions 		ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of TGFB2 mRNA
S-ethyl glutathione inhibits the reaction [diethyl malate affects the expression of TGFB2 mRNA] 		CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr13:100,691,540...100,793,227
Ensembl chr13:100,692,953...100,792,856 		JBrowse link
G Thbs1 thrombospondin 1 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of THBS1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 3:125,510,250...125,525,402
Ensembl chr 3:125,510,250...125,525,402 		JBrowse link
G Thbs2 thrombospondin 2 affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of THBS2 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 1:64,343,523...64,372,918
Ensembl chr 1:64,343,523...64,372,918 		JBrowse link
G Tnc tenascin C affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of TNC mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 5:82,391,340...82,476,197
Ensembl chr 5:82,391,340...82,476,131 		JBrowse link
G Tnfrsf11b TNF receptor superfamily member 11B affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of TNFRSF11B mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 7:87,456,318...87,484,324
Ensembl chr 7:87,456,319...87,485,075 		JBrowse link
G Tnnt1 troponin T1, slow skeletal type affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of TNNT1 mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr 1:78,349,035...78,359,394
Ensembl chr 1:78,349,035...78,359,394 		JBrowse link
G Trib3 tribbles pseudokinase 3 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of TRIB3 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 3:161,269,939...161,275,533
Ensembl chr 3:161,269,955...161,274,802 		JBrowse link
G Tslp thymic stromal lymphopoietin affects expression ISO diethyl malate affects the expression of TSLP mRNA CTD PMID:24814887 NCBI chr18:24,723,990...24,728,419
Ensembl chr18:24,720,257...24,728,420 		JBrowse link
G Vegfa vascular endothelial growth factor A increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of VEGFA mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 9:22,452,854...22,468,194
Ensembl chr 9:22,439,392...22,468,194 		JBrowse link
G Zbtb21 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 21 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of ZBTB21 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr11:37,312,337...37,327,040
Ensembl chr11:50,781,099...50,796,560 		JBrowse link
G Zfp110 zinc finger protein 110 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of ZNF274 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr 1:82,509,563...82,533,294
Ensembl chr 1:82,517,769...82,533,292 		JBrowse link
G Zfp367 zinc finger protein 367 increases expression ISO diethyl malate results in increased expression of ZNF367 mRNA CTD PMID:38498338 NCBI chr17:970,896...990,025
Ensembl chr17:970,741...990,029 		JBrowse link
Term paths to the root
Path 1
Term Annotations click to browse term
  CHEBI ontology 20862
    role 20820
      application 20621
        food additive 17008
          food acidity regulator 12088
            malic acid 159
              (R)-malic acid + 0
              (S)-malic acid + 0
              2,3-dimethylmalic acid + 0
              2-(omega-methylthio)alkylmalic acid + 0
              2-(p-coumaroyl)malic acid 0
              2-hydroxy-3-(2-methylidenecyclopropyl)butanedioic acid 0
              2-phosphinomethylmalic acid 0
              3-(omega-methylthio)alkylmalic acid + 0
              3-carboxy-3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA 0
              malate ester + 151
Path 2
Term Annotations click to browse term
  CHEBI ontology 20862
    subatomic particle 20860
      composite particle 20860
        hadron 20860
          baryon 20860
            nucleon 20860
              atomic nucleus 20860
                atom 20860
                  main group element atom 20781
                    p-block element atom 20781
                      carbon group element atom 20715
                        carbon atom 20710
                          organic molecular entity 20710
                            heteroorganic entity 20219
                              organochalcogen compound 19904
                                organooxygen compound 19806
                                  carbonyl compound 19440
                                    dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives 12725
                                      dicarboxylic acid 12722
                                        alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid 3182
                                          succinic acid 716
                                            malic acid 159
                                              (R)-malic acid + 0
                                              (S)-malic acid + 0
                                              2,3-dimethylmalic acid + 0
                                              2-(omega-methylthio)alkylmalic acid + 0
                                              2-(p-coumaroyl)malic acid 0
                                              2-hydroxy-3-(2-methylidenecyclopropyl)butanedioic acid 0
                                              2-phosphinomethylmalic acid 0
                                              3-(omega-methylthio)alkylmalic acid + 0
                                              3-carboxy-3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA 0
                                              malate ester + 151
paths to the root