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CHEBI ONTOLOGY - ANNOTATIONS

The Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) ontology is downloaded weekly from EMBL-EBI at http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/. The data is made available under the Creative Commons License (CC BY 3.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). For more information see: Degtyarenko et al. (2008) ChEBI: a database and ontology for chemical entities of biological interest. Nucleic Acids Res. 36, D344–D350.
Term:levamisole
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Accession:CHEBI:6432 term browser browse the term
Definition:A 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole that has S configuration. It is used (generally as the monohydrochloride salt) to treat parasitic worm infections in pigs, sheep and cattle and was formerly used in humans as an adjuvant to chemotherapy for the treatment of various cancers. It is also widely used as an adulterant to coccaine.
Synonyms:exact_synonym: (6S)-6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole
 related_synonym: (-)-6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole;   (-)-6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b]thiazole;   (-)-tetramisole;   (S)-(-)-levamisole;   (S)-(-)-tetramisole;   (S)-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-6-phenylimidazo[2,1-b]thiazole;   Formula=C11H12N2S;   InChI=1S/C11H12N2S/c1-2-4-9(5-3-1)10-8-13-6-7-14-11(13)12-10/h1-5,10H,6-8H2/t10-/m1/s1;   InChIKey=HLFSDGLLUJUHTE-SNVBAGLBSA-N;   Ketrax;   Lepuron;   Levomysol;   Levovermax;   SMILES=C1CN2C[C@@H](N=C2S1)c1ccccc1;   Totalon;   Wormicid;   levamisol;   levamisolum
 xref: CAS:14769-73-4;   DrugBank:DB00848;   Drug_Central:1561;   HMDB:HMDB0014986;   KEGG:C07070;   KEGG:D08114;   LINCS:LSM-6655
 xref_mesh: MESH:D007978
 xref: PMID:10701095;   PMID:12232676;   PMID:12749943;   PMID:15109274;   PMID:1618599;   PMID:17608969;   PMID:189006;   PMID:2050823;   PMID:22337783;   PMID:22607692;   PMID:23041983;   PMID:23152411;   PMID:23543977;   PMID:23577329;   PMID:23649929;   PMID:23921349;   PMID:24365689;   PMID:24440755;   PMID:365327;   PMID:366135;   PMID:366137;   PMID:669135;   PMID:6995092;   PMID:6995094;   PMID:7051554;   PMID:827785;   Patent:US3274209;   Patent:US3565907;   Patent:US3579530;   Reaxys:4233256;   VSDB:1798;   Wikipedia:Levamisole
 cyclic_relationship: is_enantiomer_of CHEBI:77282


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levamisole term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Alpl alkaline phosphatase, biomineralization associated multiple interactions
decreases activity
increases response to substance		 ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [beta-glycerophosphoric acid results in increased activity of ALPL protein]; Levamisole inhibits the reaction [beta-glycerophosphoric acid results in increased expression of ALPL mRNA]
Levamisole results in decreased activity of ALPL protein
ALPL gene mutant form results in increased susceptibility to Levamisole
[ALPL gene mutant form results in increased susceptibility to Levamisole] which results in increased expression of FOS mRNA		 CTD PMID:18500657 PMID:27466191 NCBI chr 5:149,951,397...150,006,424
Ensembl chr 5:149,951,409...150,006,446 		JBrowse link
G Atg5 autophagy related 5 multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of ATG5 protein] CTD PMID:32151603 NCBI chr20:47,798,217...47,889,216
Ensembl chr20:47,798,290...47,889,209 		JBrowse link
G Atg7 autophagy related 7 multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of ATG7 protein] CTD PMID:32151603 NCBI chr 4:147,718,663...147,925,656
Ensembl chr 4:147,718,752...147,925,593 		JBrowse link
G Bak1 BCL2-antagonist/killer 1 increases expression ISO Levamisole results in increased expression of BAK1 protein CTD PMID:11139434 NCBI chr20:5,100,480...5,109,669
Ensembl chr20:5,100,480...5,109,264 		JBrowse link
G Bcl2 BCL2, apoptosis regulator decreases expression ISO Levamisole results in decreased expression of BCL2 protein CTD PMID:11139434 NCBI chr13:22,689,783...22,853,920
Ensembl chr13:22,684,989...22,853,743
Ensembl chr13:22,684,989...22,853,743 		JBrowse link
G Becn1 beclin 1 multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of BECN1 protein] CTD PMID:32151603 NCBI chr10:86,231,387...86,246,742
Ensembl chr10:86,231,388...86,246,742 		JBrowse link
G Cldn1 claudin 1 multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of CLDN1 protein] CTD PMID:32151603 NCBI chr11:74,421,569...74,436,728
Ensembl chr11:74,421,569...74,436,724 		JBrowse link
G Clu clusterin decreases expression ISO Levamisole results in decreased expression of CLU mRNA CTD PMID:11139434 NCBI chr15:40,161,068...40,200,315
Ensembl chr15:40,174,617...40,200,315 		JBrowse link
G Dcc DCC netrin 1 receptor multiple interactions ISO DCC protein results in increased susceptibility to [Fluorouracil co-treated with Levamisole] CTD PMID:15148649 NCBI chr18:64,868,987...65,972,783
Ensembl chr18:64,873,898...65,972,740 		JBrowse link
G Edn1 endothelin 1 decreases expression ISO Levamisole results in decreased expression of EDN1 mRNA CTD PMID:11139434 NCBI chr17:22,454,924...22,460,812
Ensembl chr17:22,454,420...22,460,885 		JBrowse link
G Enpp1 ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [beta-glycerophosphoric acid results in increased activity of ENPP1 protein]; Levamisole inhibits the reaction [beta-glycerophosphoric acid results in increased expression of ENPP1 mRNA] CTD PMID:18500657 NCBI chr 1:20,698,746...20,763,741
Ensembl chr 1:20,698,764...20,763,715 		JBrowse link
G Fos Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit multiple interactions ISO [ALPL gene mutant form results in increased susceptibility to Levamisole] which results in increased expression of FOS mRNA CTD PMID:27466191 NCBI chr 6:105,121,170...105,124,036
Ensembl chr 6:105,121,170...105,124,036 		JBrowse link
G Foxp3 forkhead box P3 multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of FOXP3 protein] CTD PMID:32151603 NCBI chr  X:14,908,494...14,924,994
Ensembl chr  X:14,908,494...14,923,838 		JBrowse link
G Gata3 GATA binding protein 3 multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of GATA3 protein] CTD PMID:32151603 NCBI chr17:68,643,760...68,666,000
Ensembl chr17:68,643,873...68,665,391 		JBrowse link
G Ifng interferon gamma multiple interactions
increases expression		 ISO
EXP		 Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of IFNG mRNA]; Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased secretion of IFNG protein]
Levamisole results in increased expression of IFNG mRNA; Levamisole results in increased expression of IFNG protein		 CTD PMID:10886398 PMID:23395935 PMID:32151603 NCBI chr 7:53,903,339...53,907,375
Ensembl chr 7:53,903,337...53,907,375 		JBrowse link
G Il15 interleukin 15 multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased secretion of IL15 protein] CTD PMID:23395935 NCBI chr19:25,640,025...25,706,818
Ensembl chr19:25,640,251...25,706,820 		JBrowse link
G Il17a interleukin 17A multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of IL17A protein] CTD PMID:32151603 NCBI chr 9:23,144,402...23,147,889
Ensembl chr 9:23,144,402...23,147,889 		JBrowse link
G Il1b interleukin 1 beta multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of IL1B protein] CTD PMID:32151603 NCBI chr 3:116,577,005...116,583,386
Ensembl chr 3:116,577,010...116,583,415 		JBrowse link
G Il2 interleukin 2 multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of IL2 mRNA]; Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased secretion of IL2 protein] CTD PMID:23395935 PMID:32151603 NCBI chr 2:120,004,862...120,009,566
Ensembl chr 2:120,004,862...120,009,566 		JBrowse link
G Il21 interleukin 21 multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of IL21 protein] CTD PMID:32151603 NCBI chr 2:120,117,105...120,127,012
Ensembl chr 2:120,119,444...120,126,996 		JBrowse link
G Il23a interleukin 23 subunit alpha multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of IL23A protein]; Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased secretion of IL23A protein] CTD PMID:23395935 PMID:32151603 NCBI chr 7:721,809...723,923
Ensembl chr 7:721,809...723,923 		JBrowse link
G Il4 interleukin 4 multiple interactions
decreases expression		 EXP
ISO		 Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Mercuric Chloride results in increased expression of IL4 mRNA]
Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of IL4 protein]
Levamisole results in decreased expression of IL4 mRNA		 CTD PMID:10886398 PMID:32151603 NCBI chr10:37,771,203...37,776,750
Ensembl chr10:37,771,203...37,776,750 		JBrowse link
G Il6 interleukin 6 multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased secretion of IL6 protein] CTD PMID:23395935 NCBI chr 4:5,214,602...5,219,178
Ensembl chr 4:5,213,394...5,219,178 		JBrowse link
G Nos3 nitric oxide synthase 3 decreases expression ISO Levamisole results in decreased expression of NOS3 protein CTD PMID:11139434 NCBI chr 4:10,793,834...10,814,170
Ensembl chr 4:10,793,834...10,814,166 		JBrowse link
G Phex phosphate regulating endopeptidase X-linked multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [beta-glycerophosphoric acid results in increased expression of PHEX mRNA] CTD PMID:18500657 NCBI chr  X:37,607,553...37,856,183
Ensembl chr  X:37,610,760...37,854,469 		JBrowse link
G Ptgs2 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Lipopolysaccharides results in increased expression of PTGS2 mRNA]; Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Lipopolysaccharides results in increased expression of PTGS2 protein] CTD PMID:15047127 NCBI chr13:62,163,936...62,172,193
Ensembl chr13:62,163,932...62,172,188 		JBrowse link
G Rb1 RB transcriptional corepressor 1 multiple interactions
decreases expression		 ISO Acetylcysteine inhibits the reaction [Levamisole results in decreased expression of RB1 protein]; Glutathione inhibits the reaction [Levamisole results in decreased expression of RB1 protein] CTD PMID:11139434 NCBI chr15:48,371,295...48,502,473
Ensembl chr15:48,371,296...48,502,302 		JBrowse link
G Rela RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Lipopolysaccharides affects the localization of and results in increased activity of RELA protein] CTD PMID:15047127 NCBI chr 1:202,925,001...202,935,484
Ensembl chr 1:202,924,945...202,935,484 		JBrowse link
G Rorc RAR-related orphan receptor C multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of RORC protein] CTD PMID:32151603 NCBI chr 2:182,009,707...182,034,910
Ensembl chr 2:182,009,286...182,034,907 		JBrowse link
G Tbx21 T-box transcription factor 21 multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of TBX21 protein] CTD PMID:32151603 NCBI chr10:82,082,322...82,098,831
Ensembl chr10:82,082,322...82,098,831 		JBrowse link
G Tgfb3 transforming growth factor, beta 3 multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of TGFB3 protein] CTD PMID:32151603 NCBI chr 6:105,704,058...105,726,661
Ensembl chr 6:105,704,236...105,726,564 		JBrowse link
G Tjp1 tight junction protein 1 multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of TJP1 protein] CTD PMID:32151603 NCBI chr 1:118,849,838...119,094,492
Ensembl chr 1:118,849,838...119,094,432 		JBrowse link
G Tlr2 toll-like receptor 2 multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of TLR2 mRNA] CTD PMID:32151603 NCBI chr 2:169,200,620...169,206,819
Ensembl chr 2:169,197,419...169,206,630 		JBrowse link
G Tlr6 toll-like receptor 6 multiple interactions ISO Levamisole inhibits the reaction [Cyclophosphamide results in decreased expression of TLR6 mRNA] CTD PMID:32151603 NCBI chr14:43,362,164...43,374,500
Ensembl chr14:43,362,164...43,375,685 		JBrowse link
G Tnf tumor necrosis factor decreases expression ISO Levamisole results in decreased expression of TNF protein CTD PMID:17397355 NCBI chr20:3,622,011...3,624,629
Ensembl chr20:3,622,011...3,624,629 		JBrowse link
G Tp53 tumor protein p53 decreases expression ISO Levamisole results in decreased expression of TP53 mRNA; Levamisole results in decreased expression of TP53 protein CTD PMID:11139434 NCBI chr10:54,300,070...54,311,525
Ensembl chr10:54,300,048...54,311,524 		JBrowse link
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Term Annotations click to browse term
  CHEBI ontology 19874
    role 19844
      biological role 19842
        immunomodulator 15067
          levamisole 36
            tetramisole 0
Path 2
Term Annotations click to browse term
  CHEBI ontology 19874
    subatomic particle 19872
      composite particle 19872
        hadron 19872
          baryon 19872
            nucleon 19872
              atomic nucleus 19872
                atom 19872
                  main group element atom 19811
                    p-block element atom 19811
                      carbon group element atom 19751
                        carbon atom 19748
                          organic molecular entity 19748
                            organic molecule 19700
                              organic cyclic compound 19490
                                organic heterocyclic compound 18868
                                  organic heteropolycyclic compound 18294
                                    organic heterobicyclic compound 17237
                                      imidazothiazole 108
                                        6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole 36
                                          levamisole 36
                                            tetramisole 0
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