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CHEBI ONTOLOGY - ANNOTATIONS

The Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) ontology is downloaded weekly from EMBL-EBI at http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/. The data is made available under the Creative Commons License (CC BY 3.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). For more information see: Degtyarenko et al. (2008) ChEBI: a database and ontology for chemical entities of biological interest. Nucleic Acids Res. 36, D344–D350.
Term:buffer
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Accession:CHEBI:35225 term browser browse the term
Definition:Any substance or mixture of substances that, in solution (typically aqueous), resists change in pH upon addition of small amounts of acid or base.
Synonyms:related_synonym: buffer compound;   buffer compounds


show annotations for term's descendants           Sort by:
ammonium acetate term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Ada adenosine deaminase increases activity ISO ammonium acetate results in increased activity of ADA protein CTD PMID:19900420 NCBI chr 2:163,565,703...163,592,154
Ensembl chr 2:163,568,504...163,592,159 		JBrowse link
G Adra1a adrenergic receptor, alpha 1a decreases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in decreased expression of ADRA1A mRNA CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr14:66,872,705...67,009,549
Ensembl chr14:66,872,700...67,008,617 		JBrowse link
G Ampd2 adenosine monophosphate deaminase 2 increases activity ISO ammonium acetate results in increased activity of AMPD2 protein CTD PMID:19900420 NCBI chr 3:107,981,375...107,993,982
Ensembl chr 3:107,981,378...107,993,967 		JBrowse link
G Ampd3 adenosine monophosphate deaminase 3 increases activity ISO ammonium acetate results in increased activity of AMPD3 protein CTD PMID:19900420 NCBI chr 7:110,367,291...110,411,612
Ensembl chr 7:110,367,413...110,411,612 		JBrowse link
G Asl argininosuccinate lyase increases activity ISO ammonium acetate results in increased activity of ASL protein CTD PMID:16009439 NCBI chr 5:130,040,099...130,053,222
Ensembl chr 5:130,040,099...130,058,088 		JBrowse link
G Ass1 argininosuccinate synthetase 1 increases activity ISO ammonium acetate results in increased activity of ASS1 protein CTD PMID:16009439 NCBI chr 2:31,360,282...31,410,682
Ensembl chr 2:31,360,219...31,410,684 		JBrowse link
G Atp1a1 ATPase, Na+/K+ transporting, alpha 1 polypeptide decreases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in decreased expression of ATP1A1 protein CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr 3:101,483,535...101,512,023
Ensembl chr 3:101,483,535...101,512,000 		JBrowse link
G Atp1a2 ATPase, Na+/K+ transporting, alpha 2 polypeptide decreases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in decreased expression of ATP1A2 protein CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr 1:172,099,276...172,125,631
Ensembl chr 1:172,099,276...172,125,631 		JBrowse link
G Atp1a3 ATPase, Na+/K+ transporting, alpha 3 polypeptide decreases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in decreased expression of ATP1A3 protein CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr 7:24,677,592...24,705,338
Ensembl chr 7:24,677,592...24,705,383 		JBrowse link
G Atp2a2 ATPase, Ca++ transporting, cardiac muscle, slow twitch 2 decreases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in decreased expression of ATP2A2 protein CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr 5:122,591,576...122,640,288
Ensembl chr 5:122,591,576...122,640,288 		JBrowse link
G Atp2b2 ATPase, Ca++ transporting, plasma membrane 2 decreases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in decreased expression of ATP2B2 protein CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr 6:113,720,803...114,019,574
Ensembl chr 6:113,720,792...114,019,574 		JBrowse link
G Atp2b3 ATPase, Ca++ transporting, plasma membrane 3 decreases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in decreased expression of ATP2B3 protein CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr  X:72,546,356...72,632,267
Ensembl chr  X:72,546,692...72,614,611 		JBrowse link
G Atp2b4 ATPase, Ca++ transporting, plasma membrane 4 decreases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in decreased expression of ATP2B4 protein CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr 1:133,630,416...133,728,755
Ensembl chr 1:133,627,195...133,728,779 		JBrowse link
G Calr calreticulin increases expression
decreases expression		 ISO ammonium acetate results in increased expression of CALR protein
ammonium acetate results in decreased expression of CALR mRNA		 CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr 8:85,568,717...85,573,560
Ensembl chr 8:85,568,479...85,573,563 		JBrowse link
G Cat catalase increases activity
multiple interactions
decreases activity		 ISO ammonium acetate results in increased activity of CAT protein
Dizocilpine Maleate inhibits the reaction [ammonium acetate results in decreased activity of CAT protein]		 CTD PMID:12885441 PMID:15945352 NCBI chr 2:103,284,249...103,315,498
Ensembl chr 2:103,284,194...103,315,505 		JBrowse link
G Cd74 CD74 antigen (invariant polypeptide of major histocompatibility complex, class II antigen-associated) increases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in increased expression of CD74 mRNA; ammonium acetate results in increased expression of CD74 protein CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr18:60,936,921...60,945,724
Ensembl chr18:60,936,920...60,945,724 		JBrowse link
G Cd8a CD8 subunit alpha increases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in increased expression of CD8A mRNA CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr 6:71,350,411...71,356,155
Ensembl chr 6:71,350,411...71,356,157 		JBrowse link
G Chrne cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, epsilon polypeptide increases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in increased expression of CHRNE mRNA CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr11:70,505,709...70,510,074
Ensembl chr11:70,505,709...70,510,042 		JBrowse link
G Cldn10 claudin 10 decreases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in decreased expression of CLDN10 mRNA; ammonium acetate results in decreased expression of CLDN10 protein CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr14:119,025,283...119,111,937
Ensembl chr14:119,025,320...119,112,901 		JBrowse link
G Crhr2 corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 2 increases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in increased expression of CRHR2 mRNA CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr 6:55,067,033...55,110,001
Ensembl chr 6:55,067,034...55,110,001 		JBrowse link
G Gpr83 G protein-coupled receptor 83 increases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in increased expression of GPR83 mRNA CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr 9:14,771,038...14,782,085
Ensembl chr 9:14,771,506...14,782,085 		JBrowse link
G Gria4 glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA4 (alpha 4) decreases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in decreased expression of GRIA4 mRNA; ammonium acetate results in decreased expression of GRIA4 protein CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr 9:4,417,893...4,796,250
Ensembl chr 9:4,417,896...4,796,234 		JBrowse link
G Grin2a glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA2A (epsilon 1) multiple interactions
decreases expression		 ISO Allopurinol inhibits the reaction [ammonium acetate results in decreased expression of GRIN2A protein] CTD PMID:20084674 NCBI chr16:9,385,765...9,813,744
Ensembl chr16:9,385,762...9,813,424 		JBrowse link
G Grin2b glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA2B (epsilon 2) decreases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in decreased expression of GRIN2B protein CTD PMID:20084674 NCBI chr 6:135,690,219...136,150,658
Ensembl chr 6:135,690,231...136,150,509 		JBrowse link
G Grm6 glutamate receptor, metabotropic 6 increases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in increased expression of GRM6 mRNA CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr11:50,741,205...50,757,035
Ensembl chr11:50,741,512...50,757,035 		JBrowse link
G H2-T23 histocompatibility 2, T region locus 23 decreases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in decreased expression of RT1-A2 mRNA CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr17:36,340,869...36,343,593
Ensembl chr17:36,340,665...36,343,747 		JBrowse link
G Hmox1 heme oxygenase 1 increases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in increased expression of HMOX1 protein CTD PMID:12420312 NCBI chr 8:75,820,246...75,827,221
Ensembl chr 8:75,820,249...75,827,217 		JBrowse link
G Icam1 intercellular adhesion molecule 1 increases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in increased expression of ICAM1 mRNA CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr 9:20,927,236...20,940,110
Ensembl chr 9:20,927,281...20,940,113 		JBrowse link
G Il1b interleukin 1 beta multiple interactions
increases expression		 ISO [Ibuprofen co-treated with Eucalyptol] inhibits the reaction [ammonium acetate results in increased expression of IL1B mRNA]; Eucalyptol inhibits the reaction [ammonium acetate results in increased expression of IL1B mRNA]; Ibuprofen inhibits the reaction [ammonium acetate results in increased expression of IL1B mRNA] CTD PMID:36346500 NCBI chr 2:129,206,490...129,213,059
Ensembl chr 2:129,206,490...129,213,059 		JBrowse link
G Il6 interleukin 6 increases expression
multiple interactions		 ISO ammonium acetate results in increased expression of IL6 mRNA
[Ibuprofen co-treated with Eucalyptol] inhibits the reaction [ammonium acetate results in increased expression of IL6 mRNA]; Eucalyptol inhibits the reaction [ammonium acetate results in increased expression of IL6 mRNA]; Ibuprofen inhibits the reaction [ammonium acetate results in increased expression of IL6 mRNA]		 CTD PMID:36346500 NCBI chr 5:30,218,112...30,224,973
Ensembl chr 5:30,218,112...30,224,979 		JBrowse link
G Itpr1 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor 1 decreases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in decreased expression of ITPR1 CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr 6:108,190,044...108,528,077
Ensembl chr 6:108,190,057...108,528,070 		JBrowse link
G Lhb luteinizing hormone beta increases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in increased expression of LHB mRNA CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr 7:45,070,370...45,071,278
Ensembl chr 7:45,070,244...45,071,321 		JBrowse link
G Mag myelin-associated glycoprotein increases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in increased expression of MAG mRNA CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr 7:30,598,600...30,614,347
Ensembl chr 7:30,598,601...30,614,298 		JBrowse link
G Maoa monoamine oxidase A increases activity
multiple interactions		 ISO ammonium acetate results in increased activity of MAOA protein
Dizocilpine Maleate inhibits the reaction [ammonium acetate results in increased activity of MAOA protein]		 CTD PMID:12885441 NCBI chr  X:16,485,937...16,554,051
Ensembl chr  X:16,485,937...16,554,057 		JBrowse link
G Npy1r neuropeptide Y receptor Y1 decreases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in decreased expression of NPY1R mRNA CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr 8:67,149,595...67,159,452
Ensembl chr 8:67,149,844...67,159,444 		JBrowse link
G Parp1 poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1 increases expression
multiple interactions		 ISO ammonium acetate results in increased expression of PARP1 protein
Cycloheximide inhibits the reaction [ammonium acetate results in increased expression of PARP1 protein]; Dizocilpine Maleate inhibits the reaction [ammonium acetate results in increased expression of PARP1 protein]		 CTD PMID:15147502 NCBI chr 1:180,396,456...180,428,564
Ensembl chr 1:180,396,489...180,428,819 		JBrowse link
G Ppp1cc protein phosphatase 1 catalytic subunit gamma increases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in increased expression of PPP1CC protein CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr 5:122,296,338...122,313,336
Ensembl chr 5:122,296,341...122,313,336 		JBrowse link
G Slc8a2 solute carrier family 8 (sodium/calcium exchanger), member 2 decreases expression ISO ammonium acetate results in decreased expression of SLC8A2 protein CTD PMID:33404927 NCBI chr 7:15,861,540...15,894,988
Ensembl chr 7:15,863,751...15,894,988 		JBrowse link
G Sod2 superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial decreases activity
multiple interactions		 ISO ammonium acetate results in decreased activity of SOD2 protein
Dizocilpine Maleate inhibits the reaction [ammonium acetate results in decreased activity of SOD2 protein]		 CTD PMID:12885441 NCBI chr17:13,226,726...13,237,006
Ensembl chr17:13,225,733...13,258,950 		JBrowse link
G Xdh xanthine dehydrogenase affects activity
multiple interactions		 ISO ammonium acetate affects the activity of XDH protein
Dizocilpine Maleate inhibits the reaction [ammonium acetate affects the activity of XDH protein]		 CTD PMID:12885441 NCBI chr17:74,190,890...74,257,191
Ensembl chr17:74,190,890...74,257,191 		JBrowse link
ketorolac tromethamine term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Aanat arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase multiple interactions ISO Ketorolac Tromethamine results in decreased localization of and results in decreased activity of AANAT protein CTD PMID:37348669 NCBI chr11:116,482,547...116,489,022
Ensembl chr11:116,477,258...116,488,506 		JBrowse link
G Cat catalase increases activity
multiple interactions		 ISO Ketorolac Tromethamine results in increased activity of CAT protein
Melatonin inhibits the reaction [Ketorolac Tromethamine results in increased activity of CAT protein]		 CTD PMID:37348669 NCBI chr 2:103,284,249...103,315,498
Ensembl chr 2:103,284,194...103,315,505 		JBrowse link
G Ereg epiregulin increases expression ISO Ketorolac Tromethamine results in increased expression of EREG mRNA CTD PMID:32816093 NCBI chr 5:91,222,476...91,241,508
Ensembl chr 5:91,222,481...91,241,505 		JBrowse link
G Gpx1 glutathione peroxidase 1 decreases activity ISO Ketorolac Tromethamine results in decreased activity of GPX1 protein CTD PMID:37348669 NCBI chr 9:108,216,279...108,217,541
Ensembl chr 9:108,216,102...108,217,542 		JBrowse link
G Gsr glutathione reductase increases activity ISO Ketorolac Tromethamine results in increased activity of GSR protein CTD PMID:37348669 NCBI chr 8:34,143,266...34,188,190
Ensembl chr 8:34,142,551...34,188,191 		JBrowse link
G Il24 interleukin 24 increases expression ISO Ketorolac Tromethamine results in increased expression of IL24 mRNA CTD PMID:32816093 NCBI chr 1:130,809,801...130,815,153
Ensembl chr 1:130,809,811...130,815,191 		JBrowse link
G Maoa monoamine oxidase A increases activity
multiple interactions		 ISO Ketorolac Tromethamine results in increased activity of MAOA protein
Melatonin inhibits the reaction [Ketorolac Tromethamine results in increased activity of MAOA protein]		 CTD PMID:37348669 NCBI chr  X:16,485,937...16,554,051
Ensembl chr  X:16,485,937...16,554,057 		JBrowse link
G Mtnr1a melatonin receptor 1A increases localization ISO Ketorolac Tromethamine results in increased localization of MTNR1A protein CTD PMID:37348669 NCBI chr 8:45,522,144...45,542,270
Ensembl chr 8:45,522,174...45,541,543 		JBrowse link
G Ptgs2 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 increases expression ISO Ketorolac Tromethamine results in increased expression of PTGS2 mRNA CTD PMID:32816093 NCBI chr 1:149,975,851...149,983,978
Ensembl chr 1:149,975,782...149,983,978 		JBrowse link
G Slpi secretory leukocyte peptidase inhibitor increases expression ISO Ketorolac Tromethamine results in increased expression of SLPI mRNA CTD PMID:32816093 NCBI chr 2:164,195,990...164,231,086
Ensembl chr 2:164,195,990...164,231,015 		JBrowse link
G Sod1 superoxide dismutase 1, soluble decreases activity ISO Ketorolac Tromethamine results in decreased activity of SOD1 protein CTD PMID:37348669 NCBI chr16:90,017,650...90,023,221
Ensembl chr16:90,017,642...90,023,217 		JBrowse link
G Sod2 superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial decreases activity ISO Ketorolac Tromethamine results in decreased activity of SOD2 protein CTD PMID:37348669 NCBI chr17:13,226,726...13,237,006
Ensembl chr17:13,225,733...13,258,950 		JBrowse link
triethanolamine term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Cxcl15 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 15 increases expression ISO triethanolamine results in increased expression of CXCL8 mRNA CTD PMID:29594315 NCBI chr 5:90,942,393...90,950,926
Ensembl chr 5:90,942,393...90,950,926 		JBrowse link
G Ifng interferon gamma multiple interactions ISO [triethanolamine co-treated with Ionomycin co-treated with Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate] results in decreased expression of IFNG mRNA CTD PMID:29594315 NCBI chr10:118,276,951...118,281,799
Ensembl chr10:118,276,951...118,281,797 		JBrowse link
G Il2 interleukin 2 multiple interactions ISO [triethanolamine co-treated with Ionomycin co-treated with Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate] results in decreased expression of IL2 mRNA CTD PMID:29594315 NCBI chr 3:37,174,862...37,180,103
Ensembl chr 3:37,174,672...37,180,108 		JBrowse link
G Kcnk18 potassium channel, subfamily K, member 18 multiple interactions ISO triethanolamine inhibits the reaction [KCNK18 protein results in increased transport of Potassium] CTD PMID:12754259 NCBI chr19:59,208,080...59,225,802
Ensembl chr19:59,207,646...59,225,806 		JBrowse link
Term paths to the root
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Term Annotations click to browse term
  CHEBI ontology 22327
    role 22313
      chemical role 21560
        buffer 53
          Good's buffer substance + 0
          Htris + 12
          ammonium acetate 40
          ammonium formate 0
          bis-tris 0
          bis-tris propane 0
          diammonium citrate 0
          diisopropanolamine 0
          dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0
          disodium PIPES 0
          disodium tetraborate decahydrate 0
          monosodium PIPES 0
          potassium formate 0
          potassium hydrogencarbonate 0
          potassium metaphosphate 0
          sodium dimethylarsinate 0
          sodium formate 0
          triammonium citrate 0
          triethanolamine 4
          triethanolammonium + 0
          tris + 0
          tris acetate 0
          tris maleate 0
          tris phosphate 0
paths to the root