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CHEBI ONTOLOGY - ANNOTATIONS

The Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) ontology is downloaded weekly from EMBL-EBI at http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/. The data is made available under the Creative Commons License (CC BY 3.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). For more information see: Degtyarenko et al. (2008) ChEBI: a database and ontology for chemical entities of biological interest. Nucleic Acids Res. 36, D344–D350.
Term:carnosine
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Accession:CHEBI:15727 term browser browse the term
Definition:A dipeptide that is the N-(beta-alanyl) derivative of L-histidine.
Synonyms:exact_synonym: N(alpha)-(beta-alanyl)-L-histidine
 related_synonym: (2S)-2-(3-aminopropanamido)-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid;   Formula=C9H14N4O3;   InChI=1S/C9H14N4O3/c10-2-1-8(14)13-7(9(15)16)3-6-4-11-5-12-6/h4-5,7H,1-3,10H2,(H,11,12)(H,13,14)(H,15,16)/t7-/m0/s1;   InChIKey=CQOVPNPJLQNMDC-ZETCQYMHSA-N;   Karnozin;   Karnozzn;   L-carnosine;   N-(3-aminopropanoyl)-L-histidine;   N-2-M;   N-beta-alanyl-L-histidine;   Nalpha-(beta-alanyl)-L-histidine;   SMILES=NCCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CNC=N1)C(O)=O;   beta-alanyl-L-histidine;   ignotine
 alt_id: CHEBI:13948;   CHEBI:23040;   CHEBI:3428
 xref: CAS:305-84-0;   Chemspider:388363;   DrugBank:DB11695;   HMDB:HMDB0000033;   KEGG:C00386;   KNApSAcK:C00052222
 xref_mesh: MESH:D002336
 xref: PDBeChem:8V0;   PMID:10841274;   PMID:10951105;   PMID:10951108;   PMID:11470131;   PMID:11707898;   PMID:11911459;   PMID:11976203;   PMID:12139778;   PMID:15853927;   PMID:15878720;   PMID:15941308;   PMID:16162015;   PMID:16181134;   PMID:16287364;   PMID:16406688;   PMID:16804013;   PMID:17031479;   PMID:1735411;   PMID:17443912;   PMID:18019400;   PMID:18076890;   PMID:18773880;   PMID:19309105;   PMID:20017611;   PMID:20681748;   PMID:24398899;   PMID:2674258;   PMID:29463897;   PMID:31951767;   PMID:33586561;   PMID:33704575;   PMID:34067694;   PMID:8689392;   PMID:9029640;   PMID:9928418;   Reaxys:87671;   Wikipedia:Carnosine
 cyclic_relationship: is_conjugate_acid_of CHEBI:66874;   is_tautomer_of CHEBI:57485


show annotations for term's descendants           Sort by:
carnosine term browser
Symbol Object Name Qualifiers Evidence Notes Source PubMed Reference(s) RGD Reference(s) Position
G Ache acetylcholinesterase multiple interactions ISO Carnosine inhibits the reaction [cupric chloride results in decreased activity of ACHE protein] CTD PMID:32745495 NCBI chr12:25,042,882...25,050,608
Ensembl chr12:25,043,461...25,050,410 		JBrowse link
G Acta2 actin alpha 2, smooth muscle multiple interactions ISO Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Norepinephrine results in increased expression of ACTA2 mRNA] CTD PMID:34609854 NCBI chr 1:241,159,723...241,172,503
Ensembl chr 1:241,159,724...241,172,503 		JBrowse link
G Ager advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor multiple interactions ISO Carnosine inhibits the reaction [ALB protein modified form results in increased expression of AGER mRNA]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [ALB protein modified form results in increased expression of AGER protein] CTD PMID:34609854 NCBI chr20:4,152,758...4,155,956
Ensembl chr20:4,151,965...4,155,685 		JBrowse link
G Akt1 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 multiple interactions EXP Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Sodium Nitrite results in increased expression of AKT1 protein] CTD PMID:28266762 NCBI chr 6:137,534,810...137,555,131
Ensembl chr 6:137,535,390...137,552,610 		JBrowse link
G Alb albumin multiple interactions ISO Carnosine inhibits the reaction [ALB protein modified form results in increased expression of AGER mRNA]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [ALB protein modified form results in increased expression of AGER protein]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [ALB protein modified form results in increased expression of COL3A1 mRNA]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [ALB protein modified form results in increased expression of TNF mRNA] CTD PMID:34609854 NCBI chr14:17,891,564...17,907,043
Ensembl chr14:17,891,582...17,911,865 		JBrowse link
G App amyloid beta precursor protein decreases expression ISO Carnosine results in decreased expression of APP protein modified form CTD PMID:21423579 NCBI chr11:37,506,207...37,724,351
Ensembl chr11:37,506,408...37,722,971 		JBrowse link
G Bax BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator multiple interactions EXP
ISO 		Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Sodium Nitrite results in increased expression of BAX mRNA]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Sodium Nitrite results in increased expression of BAX protein]
[Carnosine co-treated with asiatic acid] inhibits the reaction [Glucose results in increased expression of BAX mRNA]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Glucose results in increased expression of BAX mRNA] 		CTD PMID:28266762 PMID:28833918 PMID:30802477 NCBI chr 1:105,076,472...105,081,906
Ensembl chr 1:105,076,473...105,086,429 		JBrowse link
G Bcl2 BCL2, apoptosis regulator multiple interactions EXP
ISO 		Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Sodium Nitrite results in decreased expression of BCL2 protein]
asiatic acid promotes the reaction [Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Glucose results in decreased expression of BCL2 mRNA]]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Glucose results in decreased expression of BCL2 mRNA]; Carnosine promotes the reaction [asiatic acid inhibits the reaction [Glucose results in decreased expression of BCL2 mRNA]] 		CTD PMID:28266762 PMID:30802477 NCBI chr13:23,204,464...23,366,900
Ensembl chr13:23,204,464...23,366,900 		JBrowse link
G Bmal1 basic helix-loop-helix ARNT like 1 increases abundance ISO BMAL1 gene mutant form results in increased abundance of Carnosine CTD PMID:27056296 NCBI chr 1:176,766,222...176,864,741
Ensembl chr 1:176,829,305...176,864,739 		JBrowse link
G Carns1 carnosine synthase 1 increases expression ISO
EXP 		Carnosine results in increased expression of CARNS1 mRNA; Carnosine results in increased expression of CARNS1 protein CTD PMID:30485136 NCBI chr 1:210,888,520...210,899,311
Ensembl chr 1:210,888,520...210,899,131 		JBrowse link
G Casp3 caspase 3 multiple interactions ISO
EXP 		Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Cadmium Chloride results in increased activity of CASP3 protein]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Cisplatin results in increased expression of and results in increased cleavage of CASP3 protein]
Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Sodium Nitrite results in increased activity of CASP3 protein]
[Carnosine co-treated with asiatic acid] inhibits the reaction [Glucose results in increased activity of CASP3 protein]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Glucose results in increased activity of CASP3 protein] 		CTD PMID:19748544 PMID:28833918 PMID:29191451 PMID:30802477 NCBI chr16:52,395,539...52,413,794
Ensembl chr16:52,395,540...52,413,732 		JBrowse link
G Casp8 caspase 8 multiple interactions ISO Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Cisplatin results in increased cleavage of CASP8 protein] CTD PMID:29191451 NCBI chr 9:67,747,109...67,806,699
Ensembl chr 9:67,758,033...67,806,699 		JBrowse link
G Cat catalase multiple interactions ISO Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Acetaminophen results in decreased activity of CAT protein]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Cadmium Chloride results in decreased activity of CAT protein]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Cisplatin results in decreased expression of CAT mRNA]
Carnosine inhibits the reaction [cupric chloride results in decreased activity of CAT protein] 		CTD PMID:19748544 PMID:19799668 PMID:29191451 PMID:32745495 NCBI chr 3:110,297,340...110,329,526
Ensembl chr 3:110,297,342...110,329,526 		JBrowse link
G Ccl2 C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 multiple interactions ISO Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Acetaminophen results in increased expression of CCL2 mRNA]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Acetaminophen results in increased expression of CCL2 protein]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Cisplatin results in increased expression of CCL2 mRNA] CTD PMID:19799668 PMID:29191451 NCBI chr10:67,503,077...67,504,875
Ensembl chr10:67,503,077...67,504,875 		JBrowse link
G Cndp1 carnosine dipeptidase 1 increases expression EXP
ISO 		Carnosine results in increased expression of CNDP1 mRNA; Carnosine results in increased expression of CNDP1 protein CTD PMID:30485136 NCBI chr18:80,254,499...80,305,845
Ensembl chr18:80,255,784...80,282,643 		JBrowse link
G Col3a1 collagen type III alpha 1 chain multiple interactions ISO Carnosine inhibits the reaction [ALB protein modified form results in increased expression of COL3A1 mRNA]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Norepinephrine results in increased expression of COL3A1 mRNA] CTD PMID:34609854 NCBI chr 9:54,866,646...54,902,578
Ensembl chr 9:54,866,632...54,903,232 		JBrowse link
G Crp C-reactive protein multiple interactions ISO
EXP 		Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Acetaminophen results in increased expression of CRP protein]
Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Sodium Nitrite results in increased expression of CRP protein] 		CTD PMID:19799668 PMID:28266762 PMID:28833918 NCBI chr13:87,694,062...87,695,978
Ensembl chr13:87,657,317...87,707,514 		JBrowse link
G Cyp2e1 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1 multiple interactions ISO Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Acetaminophen results in increased activity of CYP2E1 protein] CTD PMID:19799668 NCBI chr 1:205,269,967...205,280,365
Ensembl chr 1:205,267,505...205,293,495 		JBrowse link
G Fos Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit increases expression EXP Carnosine results in increased expression of FOS protein CTD PMID:17628717 NCBI chr 6:110,852,188...110,855,054
Ensembl chr 6:110,852,190...110,855,598 		JBrowse link
G G6pd glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase multiple interactions ISO Carnosine inhibits the reaction [cupric chloride results in decreased activity of G6PD protein] CTD PMID:32745495 NCBI chr  X:157,352,364...157,372,144
Ensembl chr  X:157,352,373...157,372,144 		JBrowse link
G Gpt glutamic--pyruvic transaminase multiple interactions EXP Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Sodium Nitrite results in increased activity of GPT protein] CTD PMID:28833918 NCBI chr 7:110,295,599...110,300,134
Ensembl chr 7:110,296,206...110,300,160 		JBrowse link
G Gpx1 glutathione peroxidase 1 multiple interactions ISO Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Acetaminophen results in decreased expression of GPX1 mRNA] CTD PMID:19799668 NCBI chr 8:117,905,462...117,906,588
Ensembl chr 8:117,905,280...117,906,581 		JBrowse link
G Gsr glutathione-disulfide reductase multiple interactions ISO Carnosine inhibits the reaction [cupric chloride results in decreased activity of GSR protein] CTD PMID:32745495 NCBI chr16:65,185,574...65,228,742
Ensembl chr16:65,185,574...65,228,394 		JBrowse link
G Hif1a hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha multiple interactions EXP Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Sodium Nitrite results in increased expression of HIF1A protein] CTD PMID:28266762 NCBI chr 6:98,357,788...98,405,068
Ensembl chr 6:98,359,910...98,405,323 		JBrowse link
G Hspa1b heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1B increases expression EXP Carnosine results in increased expression of HSPA1B protein CTD PMID:16984587 NCBI chr20:3,859,756...3,863,800
Ensembl chr20:3,855,780...3,877,979 		JBrowse link
G Icam1 intercellular adhesion molecule 1 multiple interactions ISO Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Cisplatin results in increased expression of ICAM1 mRNA] CTD PMID:29191451 NCBI chr 8:27,829,688...27,841,618
Ensembl chr 8:27,829,161...27,841,617 		JBrowse link
G Ifng interferon gamma multiple interactions ISO Carnosine inhibits the reaction [[Lipopolysaccharides co-treated with IFNG protein] results in increased expression of PARP1 protein] CTD PMID:23011206 NCBI chr 7:55,789,180...55,793,216
Ensembl chr 7:55,761,736...55,793,216 		JBrowse link
G Il10 interleukin 10 multiple interactions ISO Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Acetaminophen results in increased expression of IL10 protein]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Cisplatin results in increased expression of IL10 mRNA] CTD PMID:19799668 PMID:29191451 NCBI chr13:45,024,921...45,029,586
Ensembl chr13:45,025,087...45,029,580 		JBrowse link
G Il1b interleukin 1 beta multiple interactions ISO asiatic acid promotes the reaction [Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Streptozocin results in increased expression of IL1B protein]]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Streptozocin results in increased expression of IL1B protein]
[Carnosine co-treated with asiatic acid] inhibits the reaction [Glucose results in increased secretion of IL1B protein]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Glucose results in increased secretion of IL1B protein] 		CTD PMID:30802477 NCBI chr 3:137,030,200...137,036,581
Ensembl chr 3:137,030,205...137,036,601 		JBrowse link
G Il6 interleukin 6 multiple interactions ISO
EXP 		asiatic acid promotes the reaction [Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Streptozocin results in increased expression of IL6 protein]]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Acetaminophen results in increased expression of IL6 protein]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Streptozocin results in increased expression of IL6 protein]; Carnosine promotes the reaction [asiatic acid inhibits the reaction [Streptozocin results in increased expression of IL6 protein]]
Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Sodium Nitrite results in increased expression of IL6 protein]
[Carnosine co-treated with asiatic acid] inhibits the reaction [Glucose results in increased secretion of IL6 protein]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Glucose results in increased secretion of IL6 protein] 		CTD PMID:19799668 PMID:28266762 PMID:30802477 NCBI chr 4:5,889,999...5,894,575
Ensembl chr 4:5,889,999...5,894,610 		JBrowse link
G Ins1 insulin 1 multiple interactions ISO [Carnosine co-treated with asiatic acid] inhibits the reaction [Streptozocin results in decreased expression of INS1 protein]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Streptozocin results in decreased expression of INS1 protein] CTD PMID:30802477 NCBI chr 1:261,186,119...261,186,686
Ensembl chr 1:261,186,119...261,186,682 		JBrowse link
G Mapk8 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 multiple interactions ISO [Carnosine co-treated with asiatic acid] inhibits the reaction [Streptozocin results in increased phosphorylation of MAPK8 protein]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Streptozocin results in increased phosphorylation of MAPK8 protein] CTD PMID:30802477 NCBI chr16:8,645,171...8,728,225
Ensembl chr16:8,645,198...8,728,427 		JBrowse link
G Mpo myeloperoxidase multiple interactions ISO Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Cadmium Chloride results in increased activity of MPO protein] CTD PMID:19748544 NCBI chr10:73,092,124...73,102,057
Ensembl chr10:73,092,400...73,102,056 		JBrowse link
G Nfkbia NFKB inhibitor alpha multiple interactions EXP Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Sodium Nitrite results in decreased expression of NFKBIA mRNA] CTD PMID:28833918 NCBI chr 6:78,593,844...78,597,307
Ensembl chr 6:78,593,847...78,597,072 		JBrowse link
G Nos2 nitric oxide synthase 2 multiple interactions ISO Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Cisplatin results in increased expression of NOS2 protein] CTD PMID:29191451 NCBI chr10:64,313,335...64,349,221
Ensembl chr10:64,313,335...64,401,880 		JBrowse link
G Parp1 poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 multiple interactions ISO Carnosine inhibits the reaction [[Lipopolysaccharides co-treated with IFNG protein] results in increased expression of PARP1 protein] CTD PMID:23011206 NCBI chr13:94,839,484...94,871,295
Ensembl chr13:94,839,433...94,871,567 		JBrowse link
G Ptgs2 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 multiple interactions ISO asiatic acid promotes the reaction [Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Streptozocin results in increased activity of PTGS2 protein]]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Streptozocin results in increased activity of PTGS2 protein]; Carnosine promotes the reaction [asiatic acid inhibits the reaction [Streptozocin results in increased activity of PTGS2 protein]] CTD PMID:30802477 NCBI chr13:64,714,063...64,722,320
Ensembl chr13:64,713,619...64,722,320 		JBrowse link
G Rela RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit multiple interactions ISO Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Cisplatin affects the localization of RELA protein]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Streptozocin results in increased expression of RELA protein]; Carnosine promotes the reaction [asiatic acid inhibits the reaction [Streptozocin results in increased expression of RELA protein]] CTD PMID:29191451 PMID:30802477 NCBI chr 1:212,354,336...212,364,815
Ensembl chr 1:212,333,035...212,364,817 		JBrowse link
G Slc15a2 solute carrier family 15 member 2 increases expression ISO Carnosine results in increased expression of SLC15A2 mRNA; Carnosine results in increased expression of SLC15A2 protein CTD PMID:30485136 NCBI chr11:77,519,565...77,548,609
Ensembl chr11:77,519,529...77,548,606 		JBrowse link
G Slc15a4 solute carrier family 15 member 4 increases expression EXP Carnosine results in increased expression of SLC15A4 mRNA CTD PMID:30485136 NCBI chr12:34,684,583...34,718,429
Ensembl chr12:34,698,955...34,719,819 		JBrowse link
G Slc31a1 solute carrier family 31 member 1 decreases expression EXP
ISO 		Carnosine results in decreased expression of SLC31A1 mRNA; Carnosine results in decreased expression of SLC31A1 protein CTD PMID:30485136 NCBI chr 5:80,830,574...80,859,810
Ensembl chr 5:80,830,389...80,859,809 		JBrowse link
G Smad2 SMAD family member 2 multiple interactions EXP Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Sodium Nitrite results in increased expression of SMAD2 protein] CTD PMID:28266762 NCBI chr18:72,124,792...72,193,345
Ensembl chr18:72,124,863...72,187,388 		JBrowse link
G Sod1 superoxide dismutase 1 multiple interactions ISO Carnosine inhibits the reaction [cupric chloride results in decreased activity of SOD1 protein] CTD PMID:32745495 NCBI chr11:42,942,742...42,948,399
Ensembl chr11:42,942,678...42,948,399 		JBrowse link
G Sp1 Sp1 transcription factor decreases expression EXP
ISO 		Carnosine results in decreased expression of SP1 mRNA CTD PMID:30485136 NCBI chr 7:135,419,864...135,450,513
Ensembl chr 7:135,420,050...135,450,513 		JBrowse link
G Stat3 signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 multiple interactions ISO Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Norepinephrine results in increased phosphorylation of STAT3 protein] CTD PMID:34609854 NCBI chr10:86,311,528...86,363,513
Ensembl chr10:86,311,535...86,363,359 		JBrowse link
G Tgfb1 transforming growth factor, beta 1 multiple interactions EXP Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Sodium Nitrite results in increased expression of TGFB1 protein] CTD PMID:28266762 NCBI chr 1:90,324,312...90,340,627
Ensembl chr 1:90,324,046...90,340,899 		JBrowse link
G Tnf tumor necrosis factor multiple interactions ISO
EXP 		asiatic acid promotes the reaction [Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Streptozocin results in increased expression of TNF protein]]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Acetaminophen results in increased expression of TNF mRNA]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Acetaminophen results in increased expression of TNF protein]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [ALB protein modified form results in increased expression of TNF mRNA]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Cisplatin results in increased expression of TNF mRNA]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Streptozocin results in increased expression of TNF protein]; Carnosine promotes the reaction [asiatic acid inhibits the reaction [Streptozocin results in increased expression of TNF protein]]
Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Sodium Nitrite results in increased expression of TNF protein]
asiatic acid promotes the reaction [Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Glucose results in increased secretion of TNF protein]]; Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Glucose results in increased secretion of TNF protein]; Carnosine promotes the reaction [asiatic acid inhibits the reaction [Glucose results in increased secretion of TNF protein]] 		CTD PMID:19799668 PMID:28266762 PMID:29191451 PMID:30802477 PMID:34609854 NCBI chr20:3,626,685...3,629,303
Ensembl chr20:3,626,532...3,629,303 		JBrowse link
G Vegfa vascular endothelial growth factor A multiple interactions EXP Carnosine inhibits the reaction [Sodium Nitrite results in increased expression of VEGFA protein] CTD PMID:28266762 NCBI chr 9:22,452,854...22,468,194
Ensembl chr 9:22,439,392...22,468,194 		JBrowse link
Term paths to the root
Path 1
Term Annotations click to browse term
  CHEBI ontology 20849
    role 20820
      chemical role 20397
        antioxidant 16466
          carnosine 48
            N-acetylcarnosine 0
Path 2
Term Annotations click to browse term
  CHEBI ontology 20849
    subatomic particle 20847
      composite particle 20860
        hadron 20847
          baryon 20860
            nucleon 20847
              atomic nucleus 20847
                atom 20860
                  main group element atom 20781
                    p-block element atom 20768
                      carbon group element atom 20715
                        carbon atom 20710
                          organic molecular entity 20710
                            heteroorganic entity 20207
                              organochalcogen compound 19905
                                organooxygen compound 19807
                                  carbon oxoacid 19157
                                    carboxylic acid 19154
                                      carboacyl group 18089
                                        univalent carboacyl group 18071
                                          carbamoyl group 17906
                                            carboxamide 17925
                                              peptide 11664
                                                oligopeptide 1714
                                                  dipeptide 409
                                                    carnosine 48
                                                      N-acetylcarnosine 0
paths to the root